Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 5, 2026

A Choroid Plexus Epithelial Cell-based Model of the Human Blood-Cerebrospinal Fluid Barrier to Study Bacterial Infection from the Basolateral Side
09:58

A Choroid Plexus Epithelial Cell-based Model of the Human Blood-Cerebrospinal Fluid Barrier to Study Bacterial Infection from the Basolateral Side

Published on: May 6, 2016

13.7K

A case of difficult management of fluid-electrolyte imbalance in choroid plexus papilloma

Atsushi Saito1, Shinjitsu Nishimura, Tomoaki Fujita

  • 1Department of Neurosurgery, Aomori Prefectural Central Hospital.

Neurologia Medico-Chirurgica
|November 22, 2013
PubMed

Insights

A choroid plexus papilloma caused cerebrospinal fluid overproduction and severe dehydration in a child. Prompt surgical removal resolved these critical issues, highlighting the need for careful management.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Neurology
  • Neurosurgery
  • Pediatric Oncology

Background:

  • Choroid plexus papillomas are rare intraventricular tumors, often presenting with hydrocephalus.
  • Fluid and electrolyte imbalances can complicate management, particularly with cerebrospinal fluid overproduction.

Observation:

  • A 22-month-old boy presented with gait disturbance and nausea, later developing acute hydrocephalus.
  • External ventricular drainage revealed significant cerebrospinal fluid overproduction (800-1500 mL/day) and marked dehydration with electrolyte abnormalities.
  • Magnetic resonance imaging identified a multi-lobular mass in the right lateral ventricle, suspected to be a choroid plexus tumor.

Findings:

  • Surgical removal of the choroid plexus papilloma led to normalization of blood urea nitrogen:creatinine ratio, hemoglobin levels, and electrolytes.
  • Cerebrospinal fluid overproduction significantly decreased post-operatively (<300 mL/day).
  • Histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of choroid plexus papilloma.

Implications:

  • This case underscores the potential for severe fluid-electrolyte imbalance due to over-drainage in pediatric hydrocephalus secondary to choroid plexus papilloma.
  • Cautious fluid management and timely surgical intervention are crucial for managing cerebrospinal fluid overproduction and associated complications.
  • Early diagnosis and surgical resection are vital for favorable outcomes in pediatric choroid plexus papilloma.

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: Bridging Gaps in Anatomy and Establishing a Foundation for Algorithmic Studies04:25

Author Spotlight: Bridging Gaps in Anatomy and Establishing a Foundation for Algorithmic Studies

Published on: December 15, 2023

3.9K
Surgical Treatment of an Endolymphatic Sac Tumor04:34

Surgical Treatment of an Endolymphatic Sac Tumor

Published on: May 26, 2023

2.1K

Related Concept Videos

Cerebral Edema ll: Pathophysiology01:22

Cerebral Edema ll: Pathophysiology

Vasogenic edema is a major form of cerebral edema characterized by abnormal accumulation of fluid in the brain’s extracellular space due to disruption of the blood–brain barrier (BBB). The BBB is a specialized structure composed of endothelial cells connected by tight junctions, supported by astrocytic endfeet and a basement membrane. Under normal conditions, it tightly regulates the movement of ions, proteins, and solutes between the bloodstream and brain parenchyma. When this...
31
Cerebral Edema l: Introduction01:19

Cerebral Edema l: Introduction

Cerebral edema is a pathological increase in brain water content that disrupts intracranial pressure regulation and impairs neurological function. Because the cranial vault is rigid, even modest increases in tissue volume can compromise cerebral perfusion, distort neural structures, and initiate secondary injury. Cerebral edema develops through four principal mechanisms: vasogenic, cytotoxic, interstitial, and ionic.Vasogenic EdemaVasogenic edema arises from disruption of the blood–brain...
34
Glaucoma: Overview01:25

Glaucoma: Overview

Glaucoma is an eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure that damages the retina and optic nerve, leading to irreversible blindness if left untreated. The human eye has various components, including the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, and optic nerve. Aqueous humor is secreted by the epithelium of the ciliary body in the posterior chamber and flows through the trabecular meshwork and canal of Schlemm, maintaining normal intraocular pressure. The trabecular meshwork and the canal...
1.7K
Cytotoxic Edema: Pathophysiology01:21

Cytotoxic Edema: Pathophysiology

Cytotoxic edema is a form of cerebral edema characterized by intracellular swelling of neurons, astrocytes, and other glial cells. It develops when the mechanisms responsible for maintaining ionic gradients across the cell membrane become impaired. Under normal physiological conditions, the sodium–potassium ATPase actively transports sodium ions out of the cell and potassium ions into the cell, preserving osmotic balance and enabling electrical signaling. This pump requires a continuous...
31
Increased Intracranial Pressure l: Introduction01:14

Increased Intracranial Pressure l: Introduction

Intracranial hypertension is a sustained elevation of intracranial pressure (ICP) above 22 mm Hg. In supine adults, normal ICP is ~7–15 mm Hg.The rigid, nonexpandable cranium contains three components—brain tissue, blood, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)—that total ~1,700 mL in a typical adult: 1,400 mL brain (~80%), 150 mL blood (~10%), and 150 mL CSF (~10%). According to the Monro–Kellie doctrine, total intracranial volume is effectively fixed. When one component...
30
Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment01:28

Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment

Angle-closure glaucoma, or closed-angle glaucoma, is an eye condition where the iris bulges out and blocks the iridocorneal angle, resulting in a buildup of aqueous humor and increased intraocular pressure. Immediate medical attention is necessary due to the sudden onset of symptoms. The treatment for angle-closure glaucoma includes short-term and long-term approaches. Short-term treatment involves using eye drops like pilocarpine to lower intraocular pressure by increasing aqueous humor...
1.7K