Subdural empyema due to Lactococcus lactis cremoris: case report.

Area of Science:

• Neurology
• Infectious Diseases
• Bacteriology

Background:

• Lactococcus lactis cremoris (L. lactis cremoris) infections are exceptionally rare in humans, with limited documented cases, primarily brain abscesses.
• The infectious routes and pathological characteristics of L. lactis cremoris remain largely unknown.
• Subdural empyema is a serious intracranial infection that requires prompt diagnosis and treatment.

Observation:

• A 33-year-old immunocompetent male presented with fever, facial pain, and neurological deficits including hemiparesis and hemianopsia.
• Imaging revealed a subdural empyema in the right falcotentorial space, along with sinusitis affecting the maxillary and ethmoidal sinuses.
• The patient underwent surgical drainage and received antibiotic treatment with meropenem and ampicillin.

Findings:

• This is the first reported case of subdural empyema caused by L. lactis cremoris.
• The findings suggest L. lactis cremoris can cause severe intracranial infections beyond brain abscesses.
• The case provides insights into the potential pathological features and clinical presentation of this rare infection.

Implications:

• This case expands the known spectrum of L. lactis cremoris infections in humans.
• It underscores the importance of considering rare pathogens in the differential diagnosis of intracranial infections.
• Further research is needed to understand the pathogenesis and optimal management of L. lactis cremoris infections.