Volatile components in defensive spray of the spotted skunk,Spilogale putorius

Area of Science:

• * Zoology
• * Chemical Ecology
• * Mammalian Biology

Background:

• * Anal sac secretions are crucial for communication and defense in skunks.
• * Previous research identified volatile compounds in the striped skunk (Mephitis mephitis).
• * Understanding chemical diversity across skunk species can illuminate evolutionary relationships.

Purpose of the Study:

• * To identify and characterize the volatile components of the anal sac secretion from the spotted skunk (Spilogale putorius).
• * To compare the chemical profile of spotted skunk secretions with that of the striped skunk.

Main Methods:

• * Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was employed to analyze the volatile compounds.
• * Anal sac secretions were collected from spotted skunks for analysis.

Main Results:

• * Three major volatile components identified: (E)-2-butene-1-thiol, 3-methyl-1-butanethiol, and 2-phenylethanethiol.
• * Several minor volatile components were also identified, including various thiols, quinolines, and disulfides.
• * Most identified compounds, except 2-phenylethanethiol, were previously found in striped skunk secretions. Thioacetate derivatives found in striped skunks were absent in spotted skunks.

Conclusions:

• * The volatile chemical profile of spotted skunk anal sac secretions exhibits similarities and differences compared to striped skunks.
• * These findings contribute to the understanding of chemical communication diversity within the Skunk family (Mephitidae).
• * Further research can explore the functional significance of these chemical differences in skunk behavior and ecology.