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Related Concept Videos

Stratified Sampling Method01:16

Stratified Sampling Method

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Sampling is a technique to select a portion (or subset) of the larger population and study that portion (the sample) to gain information about the population. The sampling method ensures that samples are drawn without bias and accurately represent the population. Because measuring the entire population in a study is not practical, researchers use samples to represent the population of interest.
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Systematic Sampling Method01:17

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Sampling is a technique to select a portion (or subset) of the larger population and study that portion (the sample) to gain information about the population. Data are the result of sampling from a population. The sampling method ensures that samples are drawn without bias and accurately represent the population. Because measuring the entire population in a study is not practical, researchers use samples to represent the population of interest.
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Sampling Plans01:23

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Sampling is a crucial step in analytical chemistry, allowing researchers to collect representative data from a large population. Common sampling methods include random, judgmental, systematic, stratified, and cluster sampling.
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Convenience Sampling Method00:55

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Sampling is a technique to select a portion (or subset) of the larger population and study that portion (the sample) to gain information about the population. Data are the result of sampling from a population. The sampling method ensures that samples are drawn without bias and accurately represent the population.
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Cluster Sampling Method01:20

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Appropriate sampling methods ensure that samples are drawn without bias and accurately represent the population. Because measuring the entire population in a study is not practical, researchers use samples to represent the population of interest.
To choose a cluster sample, divide the population into clusters (groups) and then randomly select some of the clusters. All the members from these clusters are in the cluster sample. For example, if you randomly sample four departments from your...
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Surveying is the art and science of mapping the earth's surface. It involves measuring distances, angles in horizontal or vertical directions, and levels to understand the shape and size of land features. Surveying techniques are essential for various tasks, such as identifying the levels of a land area with reference to a specific point, and mapping undulations and water bodies.There are two main types of surveying: plane surveys and geodetic surveys. Plane surveys assume the earth is flat,...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 5, 2026

Sampling Soils in a Heterogeneous Research Plot
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Geostatistical strategy for soil sampling: the survey and the census.

G T Flatman1, A A Yfantis

  • 1Environmental Monitoring Systems Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 89114, Las Vegas, Nevada, USA.

Environmental Monitoring and Assessment
|November 22, 2013
PubMed
Summary

A new soil sampling strategy optimizes pollution monitoring using geostatistical analysis. This method balances precision, accuracy, and cost for effective environmental decision-making.

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Geostatistics
  • Spatial Analysis

Background:

  • Spatially correlated variables in environmental monitoring require efficient sampling strategies.
  • Traditional methods may not optimally balance precision, accuracy, and cost.
  • Geostatistical analysis offers advanced tools for spatial data interpretation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a soil sampling strategy for spatially correlated variables using geostatistical analysis.
  • To outline the logic of geostatistical analysis from semi-variogram modeling to pollution estimate mapping.
  • To provide a method for balancing precision, accuracy, and costs in environmental monitoring.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a two-stage sampling strategy based on geostatistical principles.
  • First stage: Radial grid survey to define semi-variogram, ranges of influence, and correlation structure.
  • Second stage: Census sampling with grid parameters determined by the semi-variogram, followed by kriging analysis.

Main Results:

  • Generation of isomaps for pollution estimates and their standard deviations.
  • Creation of isopleth maps of the pollution field and standard error isomaps.
  • Demonstration of algorithms that balance precision, accuracy, and costs.

Conclusions:

  • The developed two-stage sampling strategy effectively utilizes geostatistical analysis for environmental monitoring.
  • The method provides understandable outputs (isomaps) for decision-makers.
  • This approach enhances the efficiency and reliability of pollution assessment.