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A new brittleness index for compacted tablets.

Jørn M Sonnergaard1

  • 1Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark.

Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences
|November 22, 2013
PubMed
Summary

A new brittle/ductile index (BDI) quantifies tablet material character. This index, derived from work of failure and crushing force, accurately measures material brittleness, with values ranging from 0 for brittle to 100 for ductile behavior.

Keywords:
brittlenessmethodologytabletswork of failure

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmaceutical Sciences
  • Materials Science
  • Mechanical Engineering

Background:

  • Tablet characterization is crucial for pharmaceutical manufacturing and drug delivery.
  • Quantifying the brittle or ductile nature of tablet formulations is essential for predicting mechanical behavior and ensuring product quality.
  • Existing methods may lack a comprehensive, dimensionless measure for brittle/ductile character.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce a novel dimensionless index, the brittle/ductile index (BDI), for quantifying the brittle or ductile character of tablets.
  • To establish a robust and accurate method for assessing material behavior during tablet compression and fracture.
  • To validate the BDI using common pharmaceutical excipients.

Main Methods:

  • Calculating the work of failure (WOF) from force-displacement data obtained using a flexure tester.
  • Developing the brittle/ductile index (BDI) as the ratio of WOF to crushing force (F), normalized by tablet diameter (D).
  • Testing the BDI's validity and discriminative power on mixtures of microcrystalline cellulose and lactose.

Main Results:

  • The BDI is a dimensionless index ranging from 0 (ideal brittle) to 100 (complete plastic deformation).
  • The BDI accurately quantifies the brittle/ductile character of compacted materials.
  • The method demonstrated robustness and acceptable accuracy, with minimal influence from tablet diameter and platen speed.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed brittle/ductile index (BDI) offers a reliable quantitative measure for tablet material characterization.
  • The BDI provides valuable insights into the mechanical behavior of pharmaceutical formulations.
  • This index can aid in optimizing tablet formulations and manufacturing processes.