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Ultrastructural and histochemical studies on guard cells.

A C Wille1, W J Lucas

  • 1Department of Botany, University of California, 95616, Davis, CA, USA.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Guard cells in mature plants lack symplastic transport pathways, as plasmodesmata connections are sealed during development. This structural change in stomatal complexes may relate to specialized functions.

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Area of Science:

  • Plant Biology
  • Cell Biology
  • Plant Physiology

Background:

  • The stomatal complex regulates gas exchange in plants.
  • Understanding transport pathways in guard cells is crucial for plant physiology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the presence or absence of symplastic transport pathways in mature guard cells.
  • To examine the development and structure of plasmodesmata in guard cells across multiple species.

Main Methods:

  • Transmission electron microscopy of serial thick sections (600-800 nm) of guard cells from five plant species.
  • Use of histochemical stains (phosphotungstic acid, silver methenamine) to analyze cell wall differentiation.
  • Examination of 8-10 stomata per species.

Main Results:

  • No continuous plasmodesmata were found connecting mature guard cells to adjacent cells.
  • Plasmodesmata were observed in immature guard cells but sealed during mature cell wall development.
  • Structural differentiation of the guard cell wall was evident, with potential roles in functional specialization.
  • Plasmalemmasomes were identified in Zea mays guard cells, possibly involved in ion transport.

Conclusions:

  • Mature guard cells likely do not utilize a symplastic pathway for transport.
  • The sealing of plasmodesmata suggests a developmental regulation of transport in guard cells.
  • Structural adaptations in guard cell walls may be linked to their specialized functions, including ion transport.