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Ventilator-associated pneumonia in children after cardiac surgery
Ghassan A Shaath1, Abdulraouf Jijeh, Fawaz Faruqui
1Pediatric Cardiac Intensive Care Unit, King Abdulaziz Cardiac Center, King Abdulaziz Medical City, National Guard Health Affairs, Khurais Road, Mail code 1413, PO Box 22490, Riyadh, 11426, Saudi Arabia, shaathg@gmail.com.
Pediatric Cardiology
|November 22, 2013
Summary
Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is a significant concern in pediatric cardiac intensive care units. This study found VAP impacts children after cardiac surgery, increasing their risk of complications and prolonged hospital stays.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric critical care medicine
- Infectious disease epidemiology
- Cardiac surgery outcomes
Background:
- Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) presents a substantial burden in intensive care units (ICUs).
- Understanding VAP incidence and risk factors in pediatric cardiac surgery patients is crucial for improving outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the incidence of VAP in children following cardiac surgery.
- To identify risk factors associated with VAP development in this population.
- To assess the impact of VAP on morbidity and mortality.
Main Methods:
- A prospective cross-sectional review was conducted in a pediatric cardiac intensive care unit (PCICU).
- Patients were categorized into VAP and non-VAP groups.
- Demographic data and perioperative variables were collected and analyzed.
Main Results:
- VAP occurred in 6.6% of 137 pediatric cardiac surgery patients.
- Risk factors for VAP included prolonged cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) time, total parenteral nutrition (TPN), and extended ICU stay.
- VAP patients experienced longer mechanical ventilation (MV) duration, increased hospital stay, and higher mortality (11% vs. 0.7%).
Conclusions:
- Ventilator-associated pneumonia is prevalent in pediatric cardiac surgery patients, often caused by Gram-negative bacilli.
- Prolonged CPB, TPN, and extended PCICU stay are significant risk factors for VAP.
- VAP substantially increases morbidity in this vulnerable patient group.
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