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Related Concept Videos

Natural Selection and Mating Preferences01:06

Natural Selection and Mating Preferences

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The principle of natural selection posits that organisms better adapted to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce. This principle is closely intertwined with mating preferences, a key aspect of sexual selection, which evolutionary psychologists believe is driven by instincts to propagate one's genes. Such instincts significantly influence mating behaviors and preferences between genders.
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Mate choice—the decision about whom to mate with—is a type of natural selection, since animals must reproduce to pass down their genes. Mate choice is also called intersexual selection because the behavior occurs between the sexes.
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While Mendel’s Law of Segregation states that the two alleles for one gene are separated into different gametes, a different question of how different genes are inherited remains. For example, is the gene for tall plants inherited with the gene for green peas? Mendel asked this question by experimenting with a dihybrid cross; a cross in which both parents are homozygous for two distinct traits resulting in an F1 generation that are heterozygous for both traits.
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Using the FishSim Animation Toolchain to Investigate Fish Behavior: A Case Study on Mate-Choice Copying In Sailfin Mollies
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Rules for assortative mating in relation to selection for linear merit functions.

R L Fernando1, D Gianola

  • 1Department of Animal Science, University of Illinois, 1207 West Gregory Drive, 61801, Urbana, Ill, USA.

TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics. Theoretische Und Angewandte Genetik
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Assortative mating can enhance selection efficiency by altering genetic parameters. This strategy, without direct selection, optimizes genetic correlations and heritabilities over generations for improved breeding outcomes.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantitative genetics
  • Animal breeding
  • Statistical genetics

Background:

  • Selection efficiency for multiple traits relies on genetic parameters like variances and covariances.
  • Assortative mating is a known method to modify these genetic parameters.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how assortative mating, without selection, can increase selection efficiency.
  • To develop methods for changing genetic parameters to improve breeding strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Derived recursive formulae to calculate genetic variances and covariances after 't' generations of assortative mating.
  • Expressed selection efficiency as a function of genetic parameters, economic values, mating rules, and correlation between mates.
  • Utilized a computer routine to maximize selection efficiency by optimizing coefficients in the mating rule.

Main Results:

  • Assortative mating for 31 generations increased selection efficiency by 29% in one case, altering heritabilities and genetic correlation.
  • In another case, 36 generations of assortative mating increased selection efficiency by 17%.
  • The sign of the genetic correlation could be changed in as few as three generations.

Conclusions:

  • Assortative mating, when applied strategically without direct selection, can significantly improve selection efficiency.
  • This method effectively modifies key genetic parameters, offering a powerful tool for animal and plant breeding programs.
  • The study demonstrates the potential for substantial genetic gains through optimized mating strategies.