Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity01:26

Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity

1.8K
An antigen is any substance the immune system identifies as foreign and potentially harmful to the body, prompting an immune response. Antigens have two functional properties: immunogenicity and reactivity. Immunogenicity is the ability of an antigen to stimulate a specific immune response. At the same time, reactivity describes the antigen's ability to react with the cells and antibodies produced in response to it.
Complete Antigens
Complete antigens possess both immunogenicity and...
1.8K
Immunoglobulin-like Cell Adhesion Molecules01:31

Immunoglobulin-like Cell Adhesion Molecules

3.3K
Immunoglobulin-like cell adhesion molecules or Ig-CAMs are a versatile group of cell surface glycoproteins belonging to the immunoglobulin protein superfamily. Ig-CAMs possess the characteristic immunoglobulin protein domains and other domains such as the fibronectin type III domain. The Ig domains are glycosylated to varying degrees in different Ig-CAMs.
Ig-CAMs exhibit either homophilic binding (to other Ig-CAMs) or heterophilic binding (to other ligands such as integrins). While most Ig-CAMs...
3.3K
Cell-mediated Immune Responses01:40

Cell-mediated Immune Responses

65.0K
Overview
65.0K
Humoral Immune Responses01:36

Humoral Immune Responses

66.4K
Overview
66.4K
Antibody Structure01:10

Antibody Structure

52.5K
Overview
Antibodies, also known as immunoglobulins (Ig), are essential players of the adaptive immune system. These antigen-binding proteins are produced by B cells and make up 20 percent of the total blood plasma by weight. In mammals, antibodies fall into five different classes, which each elicits a different biological response upon antigen binding.
The Y-Shaped Structure of Antibodies Consists of Four Polypeptide Chains
Antibodies consist of four polypeptide chains: two identical heavy...
52.5K
Diversity of Antigen Receptors01:28

Diversity of Antigen Receptors

2.2K
Antigen receptors are essential components of the immune system crucial in defending the body against foreign invaders. These receptors are present on the surface of B and T cells, enabling them to recognize antigens and mount an appropriate immune response.
Before encountering any antigen, lymphocytes express these receptors. On B cells, the antigen receptor is a membrane-bound antibody molecule called BCR; on T cells, it is a T cell receptor or TCR. B and T cell receptors are composed of two...
2.2K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Iron homeostasis is critical for hematopoietic cell differentiation in a crustacean, Pacifastacus leniusculus.

Fish & shellfish immunology·2026
Same author

A Subset of Circulating Hemocytes Expresses Genes Indicating Neural Precursor Identity.

Cellular and molecular neurobiology·2026
Same author

The role of mitophagy during hematopoiesis in an invertebrate, Pacifastacus leniusculus.

Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)·2025
Same author

PmVago1 and PmVago4 from Penaeus monodon act as cytokine-like mediators of antiviral immune responses to white spot syndrome virus in penaeid shrimp.

Fish & shellfish immunology·2025
Same author

Hemocyte diversity in crustaceans.

Fish & shellfish immunology·2025
Same author

Specific host factors determine resistance in a North American crayfish to the crayfish plague, Aphanomyces astaci.

Fish & shellfish immunology·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 5, 2026

Dissecting Innate Immune Signaling in Viral Evasion of Cytokine Production
08:32

Dissecting Innate Immune Signaling in Viral Evasion of Cytokine Production

Published on: March 2, 2014

9.8K

Variable immune molecules in invertebrates.

Lage Cerenius1, Kenneth Söderhäll

  • 1Department of Comparative Physiology, Uppsala University, Norbyvägen 18A, 752 36 Uppsala, Sweden.

The Journal of Experimental Biology
|November 22, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Invertebrates show diverse immune responses to specific pathogens. Molecular diversity in immune proteins enables targeted defense against particular threats.

Area of Science:

  • Invertebrate immunology
  • Molecular mechanisms of immunity

Background:

  • Invertebrate immune responses are highly variable depending on the pathogen.
  • Understanding the molecular basis of this variability is an active area of research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying diverse invertebrate immune responses.
  • To explore the role of immune protein diversity in pathogen-specific defense.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of immune protein diversity across different invertebrate taxa.
  • Investigation of molecular mechanisms driving immune response variability.

Main Results:

  • Discovery of diverse immune proteins in several invertebrate groups.
  • Evidence suggesting molecular diversity correlates with pathogen-specific defense capabilities.
Keywords:
DscamFREPinnate immunityinvertebrate immunityrecognition

More Related Videos

Analysis of Somatic Hypermutation in the JH4 intron of Germinal Center B cells from Mouse Peyer's Patches
09:35

Analysis of Somatic Hypermutation in the JH4 intron of Germinal Center B cells from Mouse Peyer's Patches

Published on: April 20, 2021

7.5K
Characterization of Thymus-dependent and Thymus-independent Immunoglobulin Isotype Responses in Mice Using Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay
06:15

Characterization of Thymus-dependent and Thymus-independent Immunoglobulin Isotype Responses in Mice Using Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay

Published on: September 7, 2018

9.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 5, 2026

Dissecting Innate Immune Signaling in Viral Evasion of Cytokine Production
08:32

Dissecting Innate Immune Signaling in Viral Evasion of Cytokine Production

Published on: March 2, 2014

9.8K
Analysis of Somatic Hypermutation in the JH4 intron of Germinal Center B cells from Mouse Peyer's Patches
09:35

Analysis of Somatic Hypermutation in the JH4 intron of Germinal Center B cells from Mouse Peyer's Patches

Published on: April 20, 2021

7.5K
Characterization of Thymus-dependent and Thymus-independent Immunoglobulin Isotype Responses in Mice Using Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay
06:15

Characterization of Thymus-dependent and Thymus-independent Immunoglobulin Isotype Responses in Mice Using Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay

Published on: September 7, 2018

9.0K

Conclusions:

  • Invertebrate immunity is more complex and specific than previously thought.
  • Molecular diversity of immune proteins is a key factor in adaptive invertebrate defense.