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Morphological and functional evaluation of chronic pancreatitis with magnetic resonance imaging

Tine Maria Hansen1, Matias Nilsson, Mikkel Gram

  • 1Tine Maria Hansen, Jens Brøndum Frøkjær, Mech-Sense, Department of Radiology, Aalborg University Hospital, 9000 Aalborg, Denmark.

World Journal of Gastroenterology
|November 22, 2013
PubMed

Insights

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) offers advanced techniques for diagnosing chronic pancreatitis (CP). These methods assess pancreatic morphology and function, aiding in patient management.

Area of Science:

  • Radiology
  • Gastroenterology
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has significantly advanced in assessing pancreatic morphology and function.
  • MRI is frequently employed in the diagnosis and monitoring of chronic pancreatitis (CP).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an updated review of standard and advanced MRI techniques for evaluating the pancreas in chronic pancreatitis.
  • Highlighting the role of MRI in diagnosing and managing CP.

Main Methods:

  • Standard MRI sequences (fat-suppressed T1/T2-weighted) for morphology.
  • Contrast-enhanced MRI for perfusion assessment.
  • Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP), including secretin-stimulated MRCP, for ductal and functional evaluation.
  • Diffusion-weighted imaging for fibrosis and exocrine function quantification.
  • Emerging role of spectroscopy for in-vivo metabolite assessment and tissue characterization.

Main Results:

  • Standard MRI reveals decreased signal and atrophy in CP.
  • Contrast-enhanced MRI shows reduced and delayed pancreatic signal due to decreased perfusion.
  • MRCP visualizes ductal morphology, while secretin-stimulated MRCP assesses side branch pathology and exocrine function.
  • Diffusion-weighted imaging quantifies fibrosis and exocrine function.
  • Spectroscopy shows potential for improved pancreatic tissue characterization.

Conclusions:

  • Standard and advanced MRI techniques are crucial for revealing morphological and functional changes in CP.
  • MRI, including MRCP and diffusion-weighted imaging, offers comprehensive assessment of the pancreas in CP.
  • Spectroscopy may provide enhanced tissue characterization in the future.
Keywords:
Chronic pancreatitisDiffusion weighted imagingExocrine pancreatic functionMagnetic resonanceSecretin

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