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Related Concept Videos

Immunodeficiency Diseases01:25

Immunodeficiency Diseases

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Immunodeficiency disorders are conditions in which the immune system's ability to fight infectious disease and cancer is compromised or entirely absent. The immune system comprises a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to protect the body from potentially harmful invaders. When this system is deficient or not functioning properly, it leaves the body susceptible to infections, diseases, or other complications.
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Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity01:26

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An antigen is any substance the immune system identifies as foreign and potentially harmful to the body, prompting an immune response. Antigens have two functional properties: immunogenicity and reactivity. Immunogenicity is the ability of an antigen to stimulate a specific immune response. At the same time, reactivity describes the antigen's ability to react with the cells and antibodies produced in response to it.
Complete Antigens
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Autoimmune Disorders01:29

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Autoimmune diseases are a group of disorders in which the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own cells, tissues, and organs. This results from an overactive immune response against substances and tissues normally present in the body. Let's delve into the concept and mechanism of autoimmune diseases from an immune system point of view, explore different causes and examples of such diseases, and discuss potential solutions.
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Special Features of Adaptive Immunity01:20

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The adaptive immune system, a crucial component of the overall immune response, offers a highly specialized defense against pathogens. It involves specific cell types and features, enabling it to combat infections effectively and efficiently.
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Cells of the Adaptive Immune Response01:23

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The T and B lymphocytes of the adaptive immune system develop from common lymphoid progenitor cells in the bone marrow. These progenitors give rise to precursors that eventually develop into both T and B lymphocytes. As these precursors mature, they gain the ability to detect and respond to foreign antigens in the body, a process known as immunocompetence. Additionally, these precursors acquire self-tolerance, a process that ensures they do not react to self-antigens. This intricate system...
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T Cell Types and Functions01:24

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When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
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Updated: May 5, 2026

Single-cell Analysis of Immunophenotype and Cytokine Production in Peripheral Whole Blood via Mass Cytometry
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Autoimmune phenotype in patients with common variable immunodeficiency.

H Abolhassani1, D Amirkashani, N Parvaneh

  • 1Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Journal of Investigational Allergology & Clinical Immunology
|November 23, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Autoimmunity is common in Common Variable Immunodeficiency (CVID). Autoimmune cytopenias and juvenile rheumatoid arthritis were most frequent, linked to specific immune markers in CVID patients.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Clinical Medicine
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • Autoimmune disorders manifest more frequently in patients with Common Variable Immunodeficiency (CVID) compared to the general population.
  • Understanding the autoimmune phenotype in CVID is crucial for early diagnosis and management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize the clinical features of autoimmune disorders in patients diagnosed with CVID.
  • To identify associations between autoimmune manifestations and specific immunological parameters in CVID.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of hospital records for diagnosed CVID patients.
  • Study period: 2000-2010 at Children's Medical Center Hospital, Tehran, Iran.
  • Patients were categorized based on the presence or absence of autoimmune disease.

Main Results:

  • 14 out of 52 CVID patients (26.9%) exhibited at least one autoimmune manifestation.
  • Autoimmune cytopenias and juvenile rheumatoid arthritis were the most prevalent autoimmune conditions observed.
  • Autoimmunity correlated significantly with polyclonal lymphocytic infiltrative disorders, elevated serum IgM, reduced IgE, and decreased switched memory B-cells.

Conclusions:

  • Autoimmunity can be an early indicator of CVID, suggesting humoral immune system testing for autoimmune patients with recurrent infections.
  • Polyclonal lymphocytic infiltrative disorders and diminished switched memory B-cells may increase CVID patients' susceptibility to autoimmunity.