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Related Concept Videos

Autism Spectrum Disorder01:19

Autism Spectrum Disorder

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Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction alongside restrictive and repetitive behaviors or interests. ASD is sometimes accompanied by intellectual impairment.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
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Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients01:15

Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients

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Elderly individuals encompass a diverse population with varying degrees of age-related physiological changes. Defining the elderly presents challenges, as the geriatric population is often arbitrarily categorized as individuals older than 65. However, many individuals in this group lead active and healthy lives, with an increasing number surpassing 85 years and falling into the older elderly category. Physiological changes associated with aging impact performance capacity and homeostatic...
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Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age01:27

Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age

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Age-related pharmacokinetic changes are extensively documented, but understanding age-related pharmacodynamic alterations is relatively limited. This knowledge gap can be partly attributed to the complexity of developing appropriate measures of drug responses compared to bioanalytical methods for determining drug concentrations.Most information regarding age-related differences in human pharmacodynamics originates from cross-sectional studies. However, these studies assume that observed mean...
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Alzheimer Disease l: Introduction01:29

Alzheimer Disease l: Introduction

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Alzheimer disease is a chronic, progressive, and irreversible neurodegenerative disorder and the most common cause of dementia in older adults. It leads to gradual neuronal loss, causing cognitive decline, behavioral changes, and loss of functional independence.Risk Factors and EtiologyThe disease is multifactorial. Age is the strongest risk factor, with prevalence doubling every 5 years after age 65. Genetic factors include mutations in genes such as APP, PSEN1, and PSEN2, which are associated...
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Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Metabolism01:18

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Metabolism

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Geriatric patients show significant variation in how their bodies process medications, which can change how effective and safe treatments are. The liver is the primary organ where drug metabolism occurs, involving two main types of chemical reactions: phase I and II. Phase I metabolism is driven by the cytochrome P450 enzyme system, which includes key types such as CYP3A, CYP2D6, and CYP2C9. Research indicates that while aging doesn't notably alter the levels or activity of these enzymes, it...
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Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Absorption01:22

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Absorption

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As individuals age, their body's physiology evolves, affecting drug pharmacokinetics. The most apparent changes occur in the gastrointestinal tract, where an increase in gastric pH, a delay in gastric emptying, and a reduction in gastrointestinal motility are observed. Remarkably, these changes do not substantially modify the absorption of orally administered drugs, particularly those absorbed via passive diffusion.Transdermal drug delivery emerges as a highly viable method for older adults due...
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Strategies for Assessing Autistic-Like Behaviors in Mice
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[Autism spectrum disorders in elderly].

Noriko Hasegawa1, Yasuji Yamamoto

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine.

Nihon Rinsho. Japanese Journal of Clinical Medicine
|November 23, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) in the elderly are underdiagnosed, impacting care. Recognizing ASD traits is crucial for appropriate environmental support and accurate diagnosis, distinguishing it from neurodegenerative conditions.

Area of Science:

  • Geriatric Psychiatry
  • Neurodevelopmental Disorders
  • Clinical Psychology

Context:

  • Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is underrecognized in elderly psychiatry.
  • ASD is characterized by impairments in social interaction, communication, and restricted behaviors.
  • Prevalence in the elderly population remains unclear.

Purpose:

  • To highlight the importance of recognizing ASD in elderly patients.
  • To differentiate ASD from other neurological conditions, such as frontotemporal lobar degeneration.
  • To guide clinicians in providing appropriate environmental support for elderly individuals with ASD.

Summary:

  • Elderly individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are often undiagnosed due to historical diagnostic challenges.
  • Key ASD features include difficulties in social interaction, communication, and repetitive behaviors, which can be mistaken for frontal lobe syndromes.

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  • Accurate diagnosis is essential to prevent overdiagnosis of conditions like frontotemporal lobar degeneration and to facilitate tailored care.

    • Impact:

    • Improved diagnostic accuracy for ASD in geriatric populations.
    • Enhanced clinical management strategies for elderly individuals with ASD.
    • Better understanding of neurodevelopmental conditions in aging populations.