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[Physiopathology of systemic lupus erythematosus: a 2014 update]
A Mathian1, L Arnaud1, Z Amoura1
1Service de médecine interne 2, Centre national de référence lupus systémique et syndrome des anti-phospholipides, groupement hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, 47-83, boulevard de l'hôpital, 75651 Paris, France; Inserm, UMR-S 945, boulevard de l'hôpital, 75013 Paris, France; Université Pierre et Marie Curie, université Paris 06, 75005 Paris, France.
Abstract:
Systemic lupus erythematous is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by the inflammation of several tissues and the production of auto-antibodies directed against nuclear antigens. Complex genetic disorders and environmental factors are at the origin of the disease but the precise cause of the auto-immune process is still unknown. Both innate and adaptive immune systems are involved. Apoptosis seems to be the main source of auto-antigens. The interactions between apoptotic cells, dendritic cells and lymphocytes activate the production of pathogenic antibodies and T lymphocytes. Amplification loops sustain the auto-immune process and the chronic inflammation. Several data point out B-lymphocytes and several cytokines involved in their homeostasis as new promising therapeutic targets.
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