Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 5, 2026

Assessment of Child Anthropometry in a Large Epidemiologic Study
09:36

Assessment of Child Anthropometry in a Large Epidemiologic Study

Published on: February 2, 2017

26.7K

Risk factors associated with high blood pressure in two-to five-year-old children

Paula Azevedo Aranha Crispim1, Maria do Rosário Gondim Peixoto1, Paulo César Brandão Veiga Jardim1

  • 1Universidade Federal de Goiás, GoiásGO, Brasil.

Arquivos Brasileiros De Cardiologia
|November 23, 2013
PubMed

Insights

High blood pressure (BP) is increasingly common in children. This study found that overweight and younger children had a higher prevalence of high BP, highlighting the need for early identification of risk factors.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Cardiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Childhood high blood pressure (BP) prevalence has risen significantly in recent decades.
  • Identifying early risk factors for pediatric hypertension is crucial for disease prevention.
  • Several contributing factors to high BP in children are known.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of high blood pressure (BP) in young children.
  • To investigate associated risk factors for high BP in pediatric populations.
  • To inform early intervention strategies for childhood hypertension.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional, population-based study was conducted in Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil.
  • The study included 276 children aged two to five years.
  • Data collected included BP, sociodemographics, birth weight, family history of high BP, passive smoking, breastfeeding, diet, physical activity, and nutritional status. Poisson regression analyzed risk factor associations.

Main Results:

  • The prevalence of high blood pressure (BP) was 19.9% and overweight was 11.2% in the study cohort.
  • Direct associations were found between high BP and increasing age (PR = 2.3) and overweight (PR = 2.0).
  • No other investigated variables showed a significant association with high BP in children.

Conclusions:

  • The prevalence of high blood pressure (BP) among children in this study was notably high.
  • Overweight status and younger age were identified as significant factors associated with a greater prevalence of high BP.
  • These findings underscore the importance of monitoring weight and age in the context of pediatric hypertension.
Abstract

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: Collecting the Brain and Serum from the Same Mice Fetus to Study Brain Tumor Development05:44

Author Spotlight: Collecting the Brain and Serum from the Same Mice Fetus to Study Brain Tumor Development

Published on: May 17, 2024

1.3K

Related Concept Videos

Factors affecting Blood pressure01:28

Factors affecting Blood pressure

Several physiological and lifestyle factors influence blood pressure (BP). Understanding these factors is crucial as they are significant in patient education and blood pressure management.
Physiological Factors:
5.2K
Hypertension I: Introduction01:28

Hypertension I: Introduction

Hypertension is a widespread, long-term medical condition where blood pressure in the arteries remains elevated. It is characterized by systolic blood pressure readings of 130 mm Hg or above or diastolic blood pressure (DBP) readings of 80 mm Hg or higher. Unmanaged hypertension poses significant health risks, making the distinction between primary (or essential) hypertension and secondary hypertension crucial, as their management and implications vary.Primary HypertensionPrimary hypertension,...
1.2K
Hypertension and Regulation of Blood Pressure01:18

Hypertension and Regulation of Blood Pressure

Hypertension, the most common cardiovascular disease, is diagnosed through repeated measurements of elevated blood pressure. Its risks, including damage to the kidney, heart, and brain, are directly proportional to blood pressure levels. Starting from 115/75 mm Hg, the risk of cardiovascular disease doubles with each increment of 20/10 mm Hg. The diagnosis relies on blood pressure measurements, not on patient symptoms, as hypertension is often asymptomatic until end-organ damage is imminent or...
3.8K
Hypertension II: Pathophysiology01:29

Hypertension II: Pathophysiology

Hypertension is a chronic condition in which the blood's force against artery walls is excessively high, posing risks such as heart disease. The condition's underlying mechanisms involve complex interactions among the cardiovascular, kidney, and autonomic nervous systems.Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS): This system significantly influences blood pressure regulation. When blood pressure decreases, the kidneys secrete renin. This enzyme transforms angiotensinogen, a plasma protein,...
1.8K
Blood Pressure01:30

Blood Pressure

Blood pressure (BP) is the pressure or force of blood exerted on the artery's walls as it circulates through the body. It is essential for maintaining blood flow throughout the body.
The average BP in an adult is typically around 120/80 mmHg (millimeters of mercury). In this measurement, the numerator (120) indicates the systolic pressure, which is the pressure in the arteries during the contraction of the heart's ventricles as blood is expelled. The denominator (80) represents the...
4.1K
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder01:30

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It affects approximately 5-8% of children globally, with around 60-70% of cases persisting into adulthood. ADHD has significant implications for educational attainment, social interactions, and occupational success.
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings....
1.4K