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Related Concept Videos

Key Elements for Plant Nutrition02:35

Key Elements for Plant Nutrition

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Like all living organisms, plants require organic and inorganic nutrients to survive, reproduce, grow and maintain homeostasis. To identify nutrients that are essential for plant functioning, researchers have leveraged a technique called hydroponics. In hydroponic culture systems, plants are grown—without soil—in water-based solutions containing nutrients. At least 17 nutrients have been identified as essential elements required by plants. Plants acquire these elements from the...
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Precipitation Gravimetry01:03

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Precipitation gravimetry is based on converting an analyte into a sparingly soluble precipitate, which is separated by filtration and weighed. An ideal precipitate should be pure, insoluble, of known composition, and easily filtered from the reaction mixture.
In determining nickel by gravimetric analysis, a precipitant of ethanolic dimethylglyoxime is added to a hot nickel salt solution. This is quickly followed by the dropwise addition of dilute ammonia solution until precipitation occurs. A...
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Overview of Nitrogen Metabolism01:20

Overview of Nitrogen Metabolism

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Nitrogen is a very important element for life because it is a major constituent of proteins and nucleic acids. It is a macronutrient, and in nature, it is recycled from organic compounds and stored in the form of  ammonia, ammonium ions, nitrate, nitrite, or  nitrogen gas by many metabolic processes. Many of these metabolic processes are carried out only by prokaryotes.
The largest pool of nitrogen available in the terrestrial ecosystem is gaseous nitrogen (N2) from the air, but this...
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Inorganic Nitrogen Assimilation01:22

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Nitrogen is an essential element in biological systems, forming a crucial component of proteins, nucleic acids, and other cellular constituents. Many bacteria and archaea acquire nitrogen in the form of nitrate (NO₃⁻) or ammonia (NH₃), which are then assimilated into biomolecules through specific enzymatic pathways.Assimilatory Nitrate ReductionWhen nitrate enters the cell, it undergoes a two-step reduction process known as assimilatory nitrate reduction. Initially, the enzyme...
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Protein Modifications in the RER01:26

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Modification of secretory and transmembrane proteins entering the rough ER begins in the ER lumen. These modifications aid in protein folding and stabilize the acquired tertiary structure. Protein modifications in the rough ER co-occur at different stages of protein folding.
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Post-translational Translocation of Proteins to the RER01:27

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A sizable fraction of proteins destined for ER are first synthesized in the cell cytosol and then transported across the ER membrane–a process called post-translational translocation. Similar to cotranslationally translocated proteins, these proteins also use the Sec translocon complex to enter the ER lumen.
Targeting proteins to the ER
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Measuring Liver Mitochondrial Oxygen Consumption and Proton Leak Kinetics to Estimate Mitochondrial Respiration in Holstein Dairy Cattle
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Interaction between nickel and protein source in the ruminant.

S R Starnes1, J W Spears, R W Harvey

  • 1Department of Animal Science, North Carolina State University, 27695-7621, Raleigh, North Carolina.

Biological Trace Element Research
|November 23, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Nickel supplementation did not affect steer performance but increased rumen urease activity. Dietary protein source influenced nickel

Area of Science:

  • Animal Science
  • Ruminant Nutrition
  • Trace Mineral Metabolism

Background:

  • Corn silage-based diets are common for growing steers.
  • Crude protein sources vary in ruminal degradability and nickel content.
  • Understanding nickel's role in ruminant metabolism is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the impact of nickel supplementation on steer performance.
  • To assess nickel's effect on metabolic parameters with different protein sources.
  • To investigate nickel's influence on rumen urease activity and urea metabolism.

Main Methods:

  • Eighty growing steers were fed corn silage diets with soybean meal, blood meal, urea, or a blood meal-urea mix.
  • Supplemental nickel (0 or 5 ppm) was added to each protein treatment.

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  • Rumen fluid and blood samples were analyzed for metabolic parameters.
  • Performance metrics including average daily gain and feed efficiency were recorded.

    • Main Results:

    • Nickel supplementation did not alter average daily gain or feed efficiency.
    • 5 ppm supplemental nickel significantly increased rumen bacterial urease activity.
    • Nickel affected serum urea nitrogen concentrations differently based on protein source.
    • Trace mineral salt intake decreased with nickel supplementation.

    Conclusions:

    • Dietary protein source influences ruminant responses to nickel supplementation.
    • Nickel supplementation may modulate nitrogen metabolism in steers.
    • Further research is needed to clarify optimal nickel levels and interactions with protein sources.