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Ecological implications of condensed tannin structure: A case study.

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Area of Science:

  • Plant biochemistry
  • Animal nutrition
  • Ecology

Background:

  • Condensed tannins are plant polyphenols influencing herbivore diets.
  • Bitterbrush (Purshia tridentata) and blackbrush (Coleogyne ramosissima) are important forage species.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the condensed tannins from bitterbrush and blackbrush.
  • To determine the factors influencing snowshoe hare preference for these tannins.

Main Methods:

  • Isolation and structural analysis of condensed tannins from two plant species.
  • Feeding trials with snowshoe hares (Lepus americanus).

Main Results:

  • Both tannins were procyanidins of similar polymer length but differed in stereochemistry.
  • Snowshoe hares showed a clear preference for bitterbrush tannins over blackbrush tannins.
  • Protein-precipitating ability did not explain the observed preference.

Conclusions:

  • Stereochemical differences in condensed tannins affect herbivore preference.
  • Depolymerization and absorption rates of tannins may be key factors in herbivore choice.
  • Tannin structure influences the products of depolymerization, impacting nutritional outcomes for herbivores.