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High-throughput Flow Cytometry Cell-based Assay to Detect Antibodies to N-Methyl-D-aspartate Receptor or Dopamine-2 Receptor in Human Serum
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High-throughput Flow Cytometry Cell-based Assay to Detect Antibodies to N-Methyl-D-aspartate Receptor or Dopamine-2 Receptor in Human Serum

Published on: November 23, 2013

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[Anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis: two paediatric cases]

M Cristina González-Toro1, Rocío Jadraque-Rodríguez, Ángela Sempere-Pérez

  • 1Hospital General Universitario de Alicante, 03010 San Vicente del Raspeig, Espana.

Revista De Neurologia
|November 23, 2013
PubMed

Insights

Anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis is a treatable autoimmune disorder in children. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial for improved outcomes and reduced relapse risk.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Immunology
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antibody encephalitis is an increasingly recognized autoimmune neurological disorder in children.
  • This condition presents with diverse neurological and psychiatric symptoms, posing diagnostic challenges.

Observation:

  • Two pediatric cases are presented with similar clinical presentations.
  • Case 1: A 5-year-old girl with seizures, altered consciousness, movement disorders, and autistic regression.
  • Case 2: A 13-year-old girl with hemiparesis, abnormal movements, conduct disorder, and dysautonomia.

Findings:

  • Both patients tested positive for anti-NMDA receptor antibodies in cerebrospinal fluid.
  • Treatment involved corticosteroids, immunoglobulins, and rituximab in one case.
  • Both patients showed favorable outcomes, with residual language disorder in one and a resolved relapse in the other.

Implications:

  • Anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis is a treatable condition.
  • Early diagnosis and prompt treatment significantly improve patient prognosis.
  • Timely intervention can reduce the likelihood of disease relapses.
Abstract

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