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The changing epidemiology of childhood pneumococcal disease in Korea

Young June Choe1, Eun Hwa Choi, Hoan Jong Lee

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul, Korea.

Infection & Chemotherapy
|November 23, 2013
PubMed

Insights

The 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) has altered childhood invasive pneumococcal diseases (IPD) in Korea. Non-vaccine serotypes, particularly 19A and 6A, now dominate IPD cases following PCV7 introduction.

Area of Science:

  • Epidemiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Vaccinology

Background:

  • Antimicrobial use and PCV7 have significantly impacted childhood pneumococcal disease epidemiology.
  • Population-based incidence data for childhood invasive pneumococcal diseases (IPD) in Korea are limited, but surveillance suggests a considerable burden.
  • Pre-PCV7 introduction, serotypes 19A and 6A showed increasing proportions in childhood IPD isolates.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the impact of 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) utilization on childhood invasive pneumococcal diseases (IPD) in Korea.
  • To summarize current epidemiological data on childhood IPD following PCV7 introduction.
  • To highlight the shift in predominant pneumococcal serotypes causing IPD in children.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing institution-based surveillance data on childhood IPD in Korea.
  • Analysis of changes in the proportion of IPD caused by vaccine-type versus non-vaccine-type pneumococci before and after PCV7 introduction.
  • Identification of predominant non-PCV7 serotypes in childhood IPD isolates.

Main Results:

  • The introduction of PCV7 in Korea in 2003 led to a decrease in IPD caused by vaccine-type pneumococci.
  • Non-PCV7 serotypes, notably serotypes 19A and 6A, have become predominant among childhood IPD isolates.
  • A significant epidemiological transition in pneumococcal serotype distribution has occurred.

Conclusions:

  • PCV7 has altered the landscape of childhood IPD in Korea, with a rise in non-vaccine serotypes.
  • Continuous monitoring of pneumococcal carriage and IPD epidemiology is crucial for managing pneumococcal infections.
  • Further research is needed to understand the long-term implications of this epidemiological shift.

Keywords:
Antimicrobial resistanceEpidemiologySerotypeStreptococcus pneumoniae

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