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Cellularized cylindrical fiber/hydrogel composites for ligament tissue engineering.

Patrick S Thayer1, Anna F Dimling, Daniel S Plessl

  • 1School of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, ‡Department of Chemical Engineering, and #Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech , Blacksburg, Virginia, United States.

Biomacromolecules
|November 26, 2013
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Summary

This study developed new elastomeric composites for ligament repair by combining electrospun meshes with mesenchymal stem cells and polyethylene glycol (PEG) hydrogels. The resulting cellularized materials support mechanical conditioning and show potential for tissue regeneration.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Engineering
  • Tissue Engineering
  • Regenerative Medicine

Background:

  • Electrospun meshes have limitations in cell infiltration and thickness, restricting their use in tissue repair.
  • Developing thicker, cell-integrated scaffolds is crucial for applications like ligament reconstruction.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To overcome limitations of electrospun meshes for ligament repair applications.
  • To create elastomeric composites with enhanced cell infiltration and mechanical properties.

Main Methods:

  • Hybrid electrospinning/electrospraying process to incorporate C3H10T1/2 mesenchymal stem cells.
  • Rolling electrospun meshes and forming composites with interpenetrating polyethylene glycol (PEG) hydrogel networks.
  • Fabrication of composites using poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) and poly(ester-urethane urea) (PEUUR) meshes.

Main Results:

  • Polyethylene glycol (PEG) hydrogel incorporation modified the tensile moduli of PLGA and PEUUR meshes.
  • PEUUR-based composites demonstrated elastic deformation up to 10% under cyclic tensile testing.
  • Incorporated C3H10T1/2 cells remained viable for up to 5 days within the PEG hydrogel phase.

Conclusions:

  • The developed cellularized composites are suitable for cyclic mechanical conditioning.
  • These elastomeric composites show significant potential for ligament repair applications.
  • The hybrid approach overcomes limitations of traditional electrospun meshes for thicker tissue engineering scaffolds.