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Related Concept Videos

Drug Toxicity: Allergic Reactions01:30

Drug Toxicity: Allergic Reactions

223
Drug-related allergies are immune-mediated responses triggered by the administration of pharmacological agents. These hypersensitivity reactions are classified based on the immune mechanisms involved. The four primary types—Type I, II, III, and IV—are mediated by different immunological pathways and exhibit distinct clinical manifestations.Type I Hypersensitivity/ IgE-Mediated Reactions: Immunoglobulin E (IgE) immediately mediates Type I hypersensitivity reactions. Upon initial...
223
Allergic Reactions: Anaphylaxis01:30

Allergic Reactions: Anaphylaxis

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Anaphylaxis is a severe, life-threatening hypersensitivity reaction mediated by Immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies. When IgE binds to allergens, it triggers the release of mediators– histamine, leukotrienes, and prostaglandins from mast cells and basophils. These mediators cause vasodilation, edema, and inflammation, leading to various symptoms.The primary allergens causing anaphylaxis include food items (e.g., peanuts, shellfish), drugs (e.g., penicillin, asparaginase, corticotropin,...
293
Allergic Reactions02:06

Allergic Reactions

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Overview
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Allergic Drug Reactions01:27

Allergic Drug Reactions

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Allergic reactions related to drugs are hypersensitivity responses driven by the immune system and bear no connection to the drug's therapeutic action. While drugs in isolation do not trigger an immune response, they can interact with endogenous proteins to form antigens. These antigens stimulate lymphocytes to produce antibodies. IgE-type antibodies attach themselves to mast cells. Upon subsequent exposure to the same stimulus, the antigen-antibody interaction is initiated, unleashing...
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Hypersensitivities01:30

Hypersensitivities

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Hypersensitivity, also known as a hypersensitivity reaction or allergic reaction, is a condition where the body's immune system reacts abnormally to a foreign substance. Such substances, that cause hypersensitivity are referred to as an allergen, could be something typically harmless to most people, like pollen or certain foods.
Types of Hypersensitivities
Hypersensitivity reactions are categorized into four types: Type 1, Type 2, Type 3, and Type 4. Each type has a distinct mechanism...
7.3K
Hypersensitivity Reactions: Immune-Complex Reactions01:19

Hypersensitivity Reactions: Immune-Complex Reactions

286
Type III hypersensitivity reactions occur when antigen–antibody complexes form and activate the complement system. Normally, these complexes help the clearance of antigens by phagocytes and red blood cells. However, when large numbers of immune complexes are present, they can deposit in tissues—particularly in the walls of blood vessels—leading to inflammation and tissue injury. These deposits trigger complement activation and neutrophil recruitment, resulting in serum...
286

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A Mouse Ear Model for Allergic Contact Dermatitis Evaluation
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Allergic contact dermatitis to cosmetics.

Michelle E Park1, Jonathan H Zippin

  • 1Department of Dermatology, Weill Cornell Medical College, 1305 York Avenue, 9th Floor, New York, NY 10021, USA.

Dermatologic Clinics
|November 26, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Allergic contact dermatitis from cosmetics is rising. This article guides evaluating patients with patch testing for cosmetic allergens and managing dermatitis.

Keywords:
ACDAllergic contact dermatitisCosmeticCosmetic allergyCosmetic patch testingCosmetic seriesPatch testing

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Allergology
  • Cosmetic Science

Background:

  • Allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) to cosmetic products is a growing public health concern.
  • The cosmetic industry's continuous innovation introduces novel products and potential allergens.
  • Identifying cosmetic-induced ACD is crucial for effective patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an overview of evaluating patients for patch testing related to cosmetic ACD.
  • To highlight common anatomical sites affected by cosmetic-induced dermatitis.
  • To identify prevalent allergens in cosmetic products and outline management strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical presentation and diagnostic approaches for cosmetic ACD.
  • Discussion of patch testing protocols and interpretation for cosmetic allergens.
  • Analysis of common cosmetic ingredients known to cause allergic reactions.

Main Results:

  • Cosmetic ACD frequently affects the face, eyelids, and neck.
  • Key cosmetic allergens include fragrances, preservatives, and hair dyes.
  • Patch testing is essential for identifying specific causative agents.

Conclusions:

  • Systematic evaluation and patch testing are vital for diagnosing cosmetic ACD.
  • Awareness of common cosmetic allergens aids in prevention and management.
  • Proper patient education and avoidance of identified allergens are critical for long-term control.