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The quantity that describes the deformation of a body under stress is known as strain. Strain is given as a fractional change in either length, volume, or geometry under tensile, volume (also known as bulk), or shear stress, respectively, and is a dimensionless quantity. The strain experienced by a body under tensile or compressive stress is called tensile or compressive strain, respectively. In contrast, the strain experienced under bulk stress and shear stress is known as volume and shear...
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Fabrication of Mechanically Tunable and Bioactive Metal Scaffolds for Biomedical Applications
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Low elastic modulus titanium-nickel scaffolds for bone implants.

Jing Li1, Hailin Yang, Huifeng Wang

  • 1State Key laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China.

Materials Science & Engineering. C, Materials for Biological Applications
|November 26, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed porous titanium-nickel (TiNi) scaffolds mimicking bone properties. These scaffolds show potential as bone substitutes due to their structure, mechanical strength, and ability to support cell growth.

Keywords:
Biological evaluation in vitroCancellous bone substituteCompressing propertiesPore structural propertiesPorous TiNi alloySlurry immersing with polymer sponge and sintering method

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Orthopedic Engineering
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Superelasticity is vital for artificial bone implants to ensure proper load transfer and bone tissue regeneration.
  • Current limitations in existing bone graft materials necessitate the development of advanced substitutes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To fabricate three-dimensional interconnected porous TiNi scaffolds with tailorable structures.
  • To evaluate the structural, mechanical, and biological properties of these TiNi scaffolds for potential use as bone substitutes.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of TiNi scaffolds using a slurry immersion-polymer sponge and sintering method.
  • Characterization of scaffold properties via X-ray diffraction (crystallinity, phase composition) and scanning electron microscopy (pore morphology, size, distribution).
  • Assessment of mechanical properties (compressive strength, elastic modulus) and initial in-vitro cell culture with osteoblasts.

Main Results:

  • TiNi scaffolds exhibited interconnected porous structures with micro-holes.
  • Porosity ranged from 65-72% with pore sizes between 250-500μm.
  • Mechanical properties (compressive strength ~73MPa, elastic modulus ~3GPa) and pore structures closely resembled human cancellous bone. Osteoblasts demonstrated good adhesion and growth within the scaffolds.

Conclusions:

  • The fabricated porous TiNi scaffolds possess structural and mechanical characteristics similar to natural bone.
  • The scaffolds support osteoblast adhesion and ingrowth, indicating their suitability as bone substitute materials.
  • The employed fabrication method offers a viable route for producing advanced TiNi bone substitutes.