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The cancer information overload (CIO) scale: establishing predictive and discriminant validity
Jakob D Jensen1, Nick Carcioppolo2, Andy J King3
1University of Utah, USA.
Patient Education and Counseling
|November 26, 2013
Summary
Many adults experience cancer information overload (CIO), a feeling of being overwhelmed by too much health data. This study developed a new scale to measure CIO, finding it predicts cancer screening behaviors and is distinct from cancer fatalism.
Area of Science:
- Health Communication
- Psychological Measurement
- Cancer Prevention and Screening
Background:
- Existing research on cancer information overload (CIO) relies on a single-item measure, limiting its scope.
- Approximately 75% of adults report feeling overwhelmed by cancer information.
- A validated, multi-item measure for CIO is needed to accurately assess and study this phenomenon.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop and validate a multi-item scale for measuring cancer information overload (CIO).
- To assess the predictive validity of the CIO scale on health behaviors.
- To examine the relationship between CIO and cancer fatalism.
Main Methods:
- Study 1: Surveyed 209 employees; collected colonoscopy insurance claims 18 months later to assess predictive validity.
- Study 2: Surveyed 399 adults in malls, measuring CIO and cancer fatalism to examine construct properties.
- Statistical analyses included scale reliability, factor analysis, and predictive modeling.
Main Results:
- An 8-item CIO scale was developed and demonstrated reliability in Study 1.
- The CIO scale significantly predicted colonoscopy insurance claims 18 months post-survey.
- Study 2 confirmed the factor structure and showed CIO is distinct from cancer fatalism regarding prevention and treatment.
Conclusions:
- The developed CIO scale is a reliable measure of the disposition to feel overwhelmed by cancer recommendations.
- CIO is a significant predictor of colon cancer screening behaviors.
- Effective communication strategies are needed to mitigate CIO and support health efforts.
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