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Related Concept Videos

Background and Environment Affect Phenotype02:27

Background and Environment Affect Phenotype

5.9K
Although the genetic makeup of an organism plays a major role in determining the phenotype, there are also several environmental factors, such as temperature, oxygen availability, presence of mutagens, that can alter an organism’s phenotype.
An example of how genetic background affects phenotype can be seen in horses. The Extension gene in horses is responsible for their coat color. A wild-type gene (EE) produces black pigment in the coat, while a mutant gene (ee) produces red pigment. A...
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Gene-Environment Interactions01:20

Gene-Environment Interactions

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Gene expression is a dynamic process that is significantly influenced by environmental factors. This interaction underlies the complex nature of biological development and the phenotypic differences observed among individuals, even among those with identical genetic makeups. Factors such as radiation, temperature, behavior, nutrition, and stress play pivotal roles in determining how genes are expressed. The concept of the reaction range is central to understanding this interaction. It posits...
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Transcription01:10

Transcription

138.4K
Overview
Transcription is the process of synthesizing RNA from a DNA sequence by RNA polymerase. It is the first step in producing a protein from a gene sequence. Additionally, many other proteins and regulatory sequences are involved in the proper synthesis of messenger RNA (mRNA). Regulation of transcription is responsible for the differentiation of all the different types of cells and often for the proper cellular response to environmental signals.
Transcription Can Produce Different Kinds...
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Epistasis01:39

Epistasis

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In addition to multiple alleles at the same locus influencing traits, numerous genes or alleles at different locations may interact and influence phenotypes in a phenomenon called epistasis. For example, rabbit fur can be black or brown depending on whether the animal is homozygous dominant or heterozygous at a TYRP1 locus. However, if the rabbit is also homozygous recessive at a locus on the tyrosinase gene (TYR), it will have an unshaded coat that appears white, regardless of its TYRP1...
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Monohybrid Crosses01:20

Monohybrid Crosses

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Overview
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Trihybrid Crosses02:27

Trihybrid Crosses

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Trihybrid Crosses
Some of Mendel’s crosses examined three pairs of contrasting characteristics. Such a cross is called a trihybrid cross. A trihybrid cross is a combination of three individual monohybrid crosses. For example, plant height (tall vs. short), seed shape (round vs. wrinkled), and seed color (yellow vs. green).
The F1 generation plants of a trihybrid cross are heterozygous for all three traits and produce eight gametes. Upon self-fertilization, these gametes have an equal...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 5, 2026

Tomato Analyzer: A Useful Software Application to Collect Accurate and Detailed Morphological and Colorimetric Data from Two-dimensional Objects
15:25

Tomato Analyzer: A Useful Software Application to Collect Accurate and Detailed Morphological and Colorimetric Data from Two-dimensional Objects

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Genotype-environment interaction in tomato.

J Cuartero1, J I Cubero

  • 1C.S.I.C., Estación 'La Mayora', Algarrobo, Málaga, Spain.

TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics. Theoretische Und Angewandte Genetik
|November 26, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Tomato hybrids generally outperform parent varieties in yield and fruit production, especially in protected environments like greenhouses. Environmental factors significantly influence tomato traits, with hybrids showing greater interaction with these conditions.

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An Efficient Clearing Protocol for the Study of Seed Development in Tomato Solanum lycopersicum L.
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Tomato Analyzer: A Useful Software Application to Collect Accurate and Detailed Morphological and Colorimetric Data from Two-dimensional Objects
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Tomato Root Transformation Followed by Inoculation with Ralstonia Solanacearum for Straightforward Genetic Analysis of Bacterial Wilt Disease
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An Efficient Clearing Protocol for the Study of Seed Development in Tomato Solanum lycopersicum L.
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Area of Science:

  • Horticultural science
  • Plant breeding
  • Agricultural research

Background:

  • Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) is a globally significant crop.
  • Understanding genotype-environment interactions is crucial for optimizing tomato production.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the performance of twelve tomato varieties and their hybrids across diverse environmental conditions.
  • To assess genotype-environment interactions for key horticultural traits.

Main Methods:

  • Field trials conducted in four environments: greenhouse/open-field, with/without plastic mulch.
  • Evaluation of seven plant characters including yield, fruit weight, and earliness.
  • Genotype-environment interaction analysis using regression.

Main Results:

  • Hybrids generally exhibited superior total yield, fruits per cluster, and leaves between clusters compared to parentals.
  • Greenhouse environments significantly increased total yield.
  • Earliness was highly dependent on environmental conditions, with harvesting time showing minimal impact.

Conclusions:

  • Tomato hybrids show promising commercial potential, particularly under protected cultivation.
  • Environmental conditions, especially greenhouse cultivation, play a critical role in determining tomato yield.
  • Hybrids demonstrate a stronger interaction with environmental factors than parent lines, suggesting specific adaptation strategies.