Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 5, 2026

Lumped-Parameter and Finite Element Modeling of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction
09:20

Lumped-Parameter and Finite Element Modeling of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction

Published on: February 13, 2021

6.1K

New Insights Into Diastolic Dysfunction and Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction

Theresa Anne Gelzinis1

  • 1University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA gelzinista@anes.upmc.edu.

Seminars in Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia
|November 26, 2013
PubMed

Insights

As the global population ages, more patients will undergo surgery with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) and diastolic dysfunction. This review covers the latest pathophysiology, treatment, and perioperative care for these individuals.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Geriatric Medicine
  • Anesthesiology

Background:

  • Aging populations are experiencing a rise in cardiovascular conditions.
  • Diastolic dysfunction and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) are increasingly prevalent in older adults.
  • These conditions pose significant challenges for surgical patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current knowledge on HFpEF and diastolic dysfunction in surgical patients.
  • To discuss the pathophysiology, treatment strategies, and perioperative management.
  • To provide an up-to-date resource for clinicians.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive literature review of recent studies and guidelines.
  • Synthesis of information on pathophysiology, medical management, and anesthetic considerations.
  • Focus on perioperative optimization and risk reduction.

Main Results:

  • The review synthesizes current understanding of HFpEF pathophysiology.
  • It outlines contemporary treatment approaches for HFpEF.
  • Key considerations for perioperative management are highlighted.

Conclusions:

  • Effective perioperative management of HFpEF patients is crucial.
  • Understanding pathophysiology guides treatment and improves outcomes.
  • Further research is needed to optimize care for this growing patient group.

Keywords:
angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitorselderly patientsheart failureintraoperative assessmentnoncardiac surgery

More Related Videos

Murine Echocardiography of Left Atrium, Aorta, and Pulmonary Artery08:17

Murine Echocardiography of Left Atrium, Aorta, and Pulmonary Artery

Published on: February 20, 2017

13.9K
A Surgical Model of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction in Tibetan Minipigs07:09

A Surgical Model of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction in Tibetan Minipigs

Published on: February 18, 2022

2.2K

Related Concept Videos

Heart Failure II: Pathophysiology01:29

Heart Failure II: Pathophysiology

Systolic Heart Failure and Compensatory MechanismsSystolic heart failure (also termed HFrEF, Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction) is the most prevalent type of heart filure. It results in a decreased volume of blood being pumped from the ventricle. The aortic arch and carotid sinuses have baroreceptors that detect reduced blood pressure, triggering the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) to release epinephrine and norepinephrine. Initially, this response aims to boost heart rate and...
2.1K
Pathophysiology of Heart Failure01:17

Pathophysiology of Heart Failure

Heart failure (HF) is a progressive syndrome involving ventricles that leads to inadequate cardiac output. It can be classified based on location and output or ejection fraction. Ejection fraction (EF) is an essential measurement in the diagnosis and surveillance of HF. Reduced EF corresponds to systolic heart failure (HFrEF). However, HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is becoming increasingly prevalent. Also known as diastolic HF, this form of HF is related to aging. The...
5.1K
Cardiomyopathy II: Dilated Cardiomyopathy01:30

Cardiomyopathy II: Dilated Cardiomyopathy

Dilated cardiomyopathy, or DCM, is a progressive myocardial disorder characterized by ventricular chamber dilation and contractile dysfunction.EtiologyVarious factors can cause DCM, including hypertension and heavy alcohol intake, which contribute to the weakening and enlargement of the heart muscle. Viral infections, such as Coxsackievirus B, adenoviruses, and influenza, can lead to DCM by causing inflammation and damage to heart tissue. Certain chemotherapeutic agents, including daunorubicin,...
798
Heart Failure Drugs: Diuretics01:22

Heart Failure Drugs: Diuretics

Heart failure and kidney perfusion are interconnected in a complex way. Reduced renal perfusion and venous congestion are two significant factors that contribute to renal dysfunction in heart failure. The kidneys, primarily responsible for fluid balance in the body, are adversely affected due to compromised cardiac output and increased venous pressure. In response to reduced renal perfusion, the kidneys activate neurohumoral mechanisms to restore balance. However, these mechanisms can be...
1.8K
Heart Failure IV: Classification and Diagnostic Evaluation01:30

Heart Failure IV: Classification and Diagnostic Evaluation

Heart failure can be classified in various ways, with the most common classifications based on physical activity limitations, disease progression, severity, and treatment strategies.The Functional Classification of Heart Failure divides patients into four categories based on physical activity limitation due to symptom burden.Class I: Patients in this class have cardiac disease but no physical activity limitations. Ordinary activities like walking, climbing stairs, or routine tasks do not cause...
1.2K
Heart Failure V: Medical Management01:30

Heart Failure V: Medical Management

Medical Management of Acute Decompensated Heart Failure (ADHF)The primary goals of therapy for patients hospitalized with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) include:Relieving symptomsOptimizing volume statusSupporting oxygenation and ventilationMaintaining cardiac output (CO) and end-organ perfusionIdentifying and addressing the cause of ADHFPreventing complicationsProviding patient education on factors precipitating HF exacerbationPlanning for dischargeOngoing monitoring and assessment...
641