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LTR retrotransposons are class I transposable elements with long terminal repeats flanking an internal coding region. These elements are less abundant in mammals compared to other class I transposable elements. About 8 percent of human genomic DNA comprises LTR retrotransposons. Some of the common examples of LTR retrotransposons are Ty elements in yeast and Copia elements in Drosophila.
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An unusually compact retrotransposon in maize.

M A Johns1, M S Babcock, S M Fuerstenberg

  • 1Plant Molecular Biology Center, Northern Illinois University, 60115, DeKalb, IL, USA.

Plant Molecular Biology
|November 26, 2013
PubMed
Summary

The maize transposable element Bs1, a short retrotransposon, shows similarities to those in yeast and Drosophila. Despite lacking observed transcription, Bs1 is likely active, evidenced by its transposition in maize.

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Plant Science

Background:

  • Retrotransposons are mobile genetic elements found in various organisms, including yeast and Drosophila.
  • The maize transposable element Bs1 shares structural and sequence similarities with known retrotransposons.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize the maize transposable element Bs1.
  • To investigate the potential activity and genetic organization of Bs1.

Main Methods:

  • Sequence analysis of the Bs1 element, including its long terminal repeats (LTRs).
  • Comparison of Bs1's genetic organization and protein sequences with known retroviral enzymes.
  • Transposition assays in maize to assess Bs1 activity.

Main Results:

  • Bs1 is a short retrotransposon (3203 bp) with identical 302 bp LTRs.
  • Bs1 possesses open reading frames similar to reverse transcriptase and other retroviral pol gene enzymes.
  • Bs1 was observed to transpose in a maize line, suggesting it is an active element.

Conclusions:

  • Bs1 represents a unique plant retrotransposon with distinct genetic organization.
  • The observed transposition indicates Bs1 is a functional mobile genetic element in maize.