Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 5, 2026

Symmetric Bihemispheric Postmortem Brain Cutting to Study Healthy and Pathological Brain Conditions in Humans
08:29

Symmetric Bihemispheric Postmortem Brain Cutting to Study Healthy and Pathological Brain Conditions in Humans

Published on: December 18, 2016

13.9K

Arteriolosclerosis that affects multiple brain regions is linked to hippocampal sclerosis of ageing

Janna H Neltner1, Erin L Abner, Steven Baker

  • 11 Department of Pathology, Division of Neuropathology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA.

Brain : a Journal of Neurology
|November 26, 2013
PubMed

Insights

Hippocampal sclerosis of ageing is linked to arteriolosclerosis, a condition of thickened arterioles. This study found arteriolosclerosis specifically in brains with this pathology, suggesting a role in its development.

Area of Science:

  • Neuropathology
  • Cerebrovascular Diseases
  • Aging

Background:

  • Hippocampal sclerosis of ageing (HSA) is a common brain disease in older adults, often associated with cerebrovascular issues.
  • Arteriolosclerosis, characterized by thickened arterioles, is a specific type of cerebrovascular pathology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the specific association between hippocampal sclerosis of ageing pathology and arteriolosclerosis.
  • To analyze microvascular morphology in the frontal cortex using digital pathology methods.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of 226 autopsy-proven HSA cases and 1792 controls from multiple large autopsy series.
  • Case-control comparisons with digital pathological assessments of blood vessel morphology.
  • Microvascular analysis in frontal cortex sections using smooth muscle actin and CD34 immunostaining.

Main Results:

  • A strong association was found between arteriolosclerosis and HSA pathology, extending beyond the hippocampus.
  • Arterioles in the frontal cortex of HSA cases showed thicker walls, larger perimeters, and larger areas compared to controls.
  • No association was found with lacunar infarcts, large infarcts, Circle of Willis atherosclerosis, or cerebral amyloid angiopathy.

Conclusions:

  • Arteriolosclerosis is specifically associated with hippocampal sclerosis of ageing, suggesting a potential pathogenetic role.
  • Morphological changes in brain arterioles may contribute to the development of HSA across multiple brain regions.
  • These findings differentiate HSA from Alzheimer's disease pathology regarding microvascular alterations.

Keywords:
FTLDHS-AgeingNACCSMATDP-43

More Related Videos

Preparation of Acute Hippocampal Slices from Rats and Transgenic Mice for the Study of Synaptic Alterations during Aging and Amyloid Pathology14:57

Preparation of Acute Hippocampal Slices from Rats and Transgenic Mice for the Study of Synaptic Alterations during Aging and Amyloid Pathology

Published on: March 23, 2011

95.9K
Evaluation of the Cognitive Performance of Hypertensive Patients with Silent Cerebrovascular Lesions07:30

Evaluation of the Cognitive Performance of Hypertensive Patients with Silent Cerebrovascular Lesions

Published on: April 23, 2021

2.6K

Related Concept Videos

Dementia l: Introduction01:22

Dementia l: Introduction

Dementia is an acquired, progressive syndrome characterized by a decline in multiple cognitive domains severe enough to impair daily functioning and reduce independence. Although memory loss is a central feature, the diagnosis requires additional deficits involving language, executive function, visuospatial skills, judgment, calculation, or abstract reasoning. These cognitive impairments reflect underlying neurodegenerative or vascular processes that gradually disrupt neuronal networks...
35
Alzheimer Disease ll: Pathophysiology01:23

Alzheimer Disease ll: Pathophysiology

Alzheimer disease involves structural changes in the brain that begin long before symptoms appear. The most distinctive features are extracellular neuritic plaques and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles.Neuritic plaques form in the cerebral cortex and around blood vessels. These plaques contain a dense core of beta-amyloid (Aβ)—a toxic protein fragment that clumps outside neurons. The core is surrounded by damaged neuronal extensions, as well as reactive astrocytes and...
42
Alzheimer Disease l: Introduction01:29

Alzheimer Disease l: Introduction

Alzheimer disease is a chronic, progressive, and irreversible neurodegenerative disorder and the most common cause of dementia in older adults. It leads to gradual neuronal loss, causing cognitive decline, behavioral changes, and loss of functional independence.Risk Factors and EtiologyThe disease is multifactorial. Age is the strongest risk factor, with prevalence doubling every 5 years after age 65. Genetic factors include mutations in genes such as APP, PSEN1, and PSEN2, which are associated...
29
Multiple Sclerosis l: Introduction01:19

Multiple Sclerosis l: Introduction

Multiple sclerosis is a chronic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that affects the brain, spinal cord, and optic nerves. It is an inflammatory demyelinating disorder and a leading cause of neurological disability in young adults.EpidemiologyMS commonly begins between 20 and 40 years of age and is twice as common in women. Its exact cause remains unclear, but genetic susceptibility contributes, with higher risk in first-degree relatives and identical twins. A greater...
31
Hemorrhagic Stroke l: Introduction01:17

Hemorrhagic Stroke l: Introduction

A hemorrhagic stroke is an acute neurological event that occurs when a weakened cerebral blood vessel ruptures, allowing blood to accumulate within or around the brain. The sudden release of blood forms a focal hematoma that increases intracranial pressure, displaces neural tissue, and can obstruct cerebrospinal fluid pathways. These effects may be compounded by intraventricular extension of the hemorrhage, cerebral edema, or compression of adjacent structures, all of which contribute to...
34
Role of Hippocampus in Memory01:19

Role of Hippocampus in Memory

The hippocampus, a critical brain structure, plays an essential role in memory processing, particularly in the formation and retrieval of memory. This small, seahorse-shaped region is located within the medial temporal lobe, with one hippocampus in each brain hemisphere. Experimental studies involving lesions in the hippocampi of rats have demonstrated significant impairments in tasks such as object recognition and maze navigation, indicating the hippocampus involvement in both recognition and...
2.0K