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Plasmodesmata and pit development in secondary xylem elements.

J R Barnett1

  • 1Plant Science Laboratories, University of Reading, Whiteknights, RG6 2AS, Reading, U.K..

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|November 26, 2013
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Plasmodesmata are absent in developing pit membranes of vessel elements and tracheids, indicating independent pit development. However, they are abundant between other cell types, suggesting a role in secondary xylem differentiation and evolution.

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Area of Science:

  • Plant Anatomy
  • Cell Biology
  • Xylem Development

Background:

  • Pit membranes are crucial structures in secondary xylem.
  • Plasmodesmata are cytoplasmic connections between plant cells.
  • The role of plasmodesmata in pit membrane development is not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the presence and distribution of plasmodesmata in developing pit membranes of various secondary xylem elements.
  • To determine the relationship between plasmodesmata and pit formation in different cell types.
  • To discuss the implications for xylem differentiation and evolution.

Main Methods:

  • Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used to examine pit membranes.
  • Samples were taken from secondary xylem of six plant species: Drimys winteri, Fagus sylvatica, Quercus robur, Sorbus aucuparia, Tilia vulgaris, and Trochodendron aralioides.

Main Results:

  • Plasmodesmata were absent in pit membranes of vessel elements and tracheids across all species studied.
  • Abundant plasmodesmata were observed in pit membranes between fibers and parenchyma cells in Fagus, Quercus, and Tilia.
  • In Sorbus, plasmodesmata were occasionally found in swollen regions of pit membranes between fibers and parenchyma, with a specific distribution pattern.

Conclusions:

  • Pit membrane development in vessel elements and tracheids occurs independently of plasmodesmata.
  • Plasmodesmata play a significant role in the formation and function of pit membranes between other secondary xylem cell types.
  • The distribution patterns of plasmodesmata offer insights into cell differentiation and the evolutionary history of xylem.