RNA terminating within the E. coli origin of replication: stringent regulation and control by DnaA protein

RNA entering the E. coli replication origin, oriC, in the counterclockwise direction terminates at several sites throughout the origin sequence. The significant finding was that nine clusters of these termination sites are found at the nine clusters of RNA to DNA transitions in oriC. The majority of these transcripts terminates with cytosine. Termination sites are associated with 9 of the 11 GATC sites and all DnaA protein-binding sites. Chloramphenicol-treated cells contain an increased amount of this RNA species, while cells starved for isoleucine have greatly reduced levels, indicating that synthesis of these transcripts is stringently regulated. Both decreased and increased intracellular levels of DnaA protein decrease the fraction of transcription that enters oriC.