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Related Concept Videos

Hypersensitivity Reactions: Delayed Hypersensitivity Reactions01:29

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Delayed-Type Hypersensitivity (DTH), or Type IV hypersensitivity, is a cell-mediated immune response. It occurs when T cells, rather than antibodies, mediate a reaction to specific antigens. It is characterized by a delayed onset (1-2 days) and involves the recruitment of macrophages to the inflammation site.The initiation of a DTH response begins with the sensitization of T cells. During this phase, which lasts at least 1-2 weeks, antigen-specific T cells are activated, clonally expanded, and...
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Drug-related allergies are immune-mediated responses triggered by the administration of pharmacological agents. These hypersensitivity reactions are classified based on the immune mechanisms involved. The four primary types—Type I, II, III, and IV—are mediated by different immunological pathways and exhibit distinct clinical manifestations.Type I Hypersensitivity/ IgE-Mediated Reactions: Immunoglobulin E (IgE) immediately mediates Type I hypersensitivity reactions. Upon initial...
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Related Experiment Video

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Induction of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis in Mice and Evaluation of the Disease-dependent Distribution of Immune Cells in Various Tissues
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Correlation between active rosette formation and delayed cutaneous hypersensitivity in experimental allergic

D H Lee1, G A Hashim, J C Pierce

  • 1Departments of Surgery and Microbiology, St. Luke's Hospital Center and Columbia University, Amsterdam Avenue at 114th Street, 10025, New York, New York.

Neurochemical Research
|November 26, 2013
PubMed
Summary

This study shows that active rosette-forming T cells (ARFC) can indicate sensitization to myelin basic protein. Changes in ARFC levels correlate with experimental allergic encephalomyelitis development and delayed-type skin hypersensitivity.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Neuroscience
  • Cellular Biology

Background:

  • Myelin basic protein (BP) is encephalitogenic, triggering experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE).
  • Active rosette-forming T cells (ARFC) are a population of lymphocytes involved in immune responses.
  • Understanding immune cell kinetics is crucial for diagnosing and managing autoimmune diseases like EAE.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the effects of encephalitogenic myelin basic protein (BP) and a non-encephalitogenic peptide (S42) on ARFC.
  • To investigate the correlation between ARFC responses and delayed-type skin hypersensitivity (DTH) in EAE.
  • To establish ARFC as a quantifiable measure of immunologically active cells.

Main Methods:

  • Comparing the impact of BP and S42 on ARFC in an animal model.
  • Assessing the reversibility of ARFC depression through in vivo and in vitro methods.
  • Monitoring the ratio of antigen-specific ARFC (Ag-ARFC) to total ARFC over time.
  • Measuring delayed-type skin hypersensitivity (DTH) responses.

Main Results:

  • Depression of ARFC by BP and S42 was reversible within 24 hours.
  • The Ag-ARFC/ARFC ratio increased with sensitization but decreased before EAE onset in BP-sensitized animals.
  • Ag-ARFC/ARFC ratios in S42-sensitized animals reached stable plateau levels.
  • Kinetics of Ag-ARFC/ARFC responses paralleled DTH responses, which also declined with EAE onset.

Conclusions:

  • ARFC serve as a valid indicator of sensitization to myelin basic protein.
  • The study provides in vitro and in vivo evidence for BP sensitization.
  • ARFC can be quantified upon antigenic stimulation, offering a measure of immune cell activity.