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Hyperthyroidism and cardiovascular complications: a narrative review on the basis of pathophysiology

Sibel Ertek1, Arrigo F Cicero

  • 1Ufuk University Medical Faculty, Dr. R. Ege Hospital, Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases Department, Ankara, Turkey.

Archives of Medical Science : AMS
|November 26, 2013
PubMed

Insights

Hyperthyroidism frequently causes cardiovascular complications, increasing mortality risk. Prompt treatment is crucial, even for subclinical cases, to manage these serious cardiac issues.

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Cardiology
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • Cardiovascular complications are a significant concern in hyperthyroidism, contributing to increased mortality and morbidity.
  • Understanding the underlying mechanisms, patient factors, and genetic predispositions is vital for effective management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the cardiovascular consequences of hyperthyroidism.
  • To elucidate the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms driving these complications.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of cardiovascular effects in hyperthyroidism.
  • Analysis of hemodynamic and cellular changes associated with thyroid hormone excess.

Main Results:

  • Hyperthyroidism induces hemodynamic alterations, including increased cardiac output due to elevated preload, contractility, and reduced systemic vascular resistance.
  • Potential complications include tachyarrhythmias, systolic and diastolic ventricular dysfunction, and thyrotoxic cardiomyopathy.
  • Even high-normal thyroid function may pose cardiovascular risks.

Conclusions:

  • Cardiovascular complications are a major concern in hyperthyroidism, necessitating thorough understanding and management.
  • Treatment of hyperthyroidism, including subclinical forms, is recommended to mitigate cardiac risks.

Keywords:
Graves’ diseaseatrial fibrillationhyperthyroidismovert hyperthyroidismsubclinical hyperthyroidismtoxic nodular goitre

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