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Combining two or more treatment methods increases the life span of cancer patients while reducing damage to vital organs or tissue from the overuse of a single treatment. Combination therapy also targets different cancer-inducing pathways, thus reducing the chances of developing resistance to treatment.
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Advances in genomics have profoundly influenced drug discovery by increasing both the speed and accuracy of pharmaceutical development. Pharmacogenomics, which examines how genetic variation influences drug response, facilitates the identification of novel therapeutic targets and enables patient stratification for personalized treatment. These strategies contribute to improved drug efficacy, minimized adverse effects, and more efficient clinical trial design.Mapping genetic differences...
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Pharmacogenetics and pharmacogenomics examine how genetic factors influence an individual's response to drugs. While pharmacogenetics focuses on the impact of specific genetic variants on drug effects, pharmacogenomics takes a broader approach, studying how genetic variation across populations contributes to differences in drug responses. These fields aim to explain why individuals may experience varying levels of efficacy or adverse reactions to the same medication.Variability in drug...
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Genetic polymorphisms in drug targets have emerged as critical determinants of interindividual variability in drug response and toxicity. Pharmacogenomic investigations increasingly focus on identifying these variations to personalize and optimize therapeutic interventions. A drug target may be a receptor, enzyme, or signaling protein involved in pharmacologic responses or disease-related pathways. While early pharmacogenetic studies focused primarily on drug metabolism, current research...
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Personalized screening for cancers: should we consider polygenic profiling?

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Polygenic profiling enhances cancer screening efficiency. Personalized screening requires research on benefits and harms, plus public and professional engagement.

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Area of Science:

  • Genomic medicine
  • Cancer screening
  • Public health

Background:

  • Population-based cancer screening programs aim for efficiency.
  • Genomic data offers potential for personalized screening strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the role of polygenic profiling in enhancing cancer screening efficiency.
  • To emphasize the need for empirical evidence and stakeholder engagement for personalized screening translation.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current practices in population-based cancer screening.
  • Analysis of the potential of polygenic risk scores for risk stratification.
  • Discussion of evidence requirements for personalized screening implementation.

Main Results:

  • Polygenic profiling can significantly improve the efficiency of cancer screening programs.
  • Translating genomic insights into personalized screening necessitates a thorough understanding of benefits versus harms.
  • Effective implementation requires engagement with the public, healthcare professionals, and policymakers.

Conclusions:

  • Genomic profiling offers a pathway to more efficient cancer screening.
  • Evidence-based research and multi-stakeholder collaboration are crucial for the successful adoption of personalized cancer screening.