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Multidimensional psychosocial profiles in the elderly and happiness: a cluster-based identification
Raquel Lara Moreno1, Débora Godoy-Izquierdo, M Luisa Vázquez Pérez
1a Grupo de investigación Psicología de la Salud y Medicina Conductual (Health Psychology & Behavioural Medicine) (CTS-267), Facultad de Psicología, Universidad de Granada , Granada , Spain.
Aging & Mental Health
|November 28, 2013
Summary
Psychosocial functioning in older adults shapes their subjective well-being (SWB). Three distinct profiles emerged: highly successful, moderately successful, and highly impaired, each correlating with different SWB levels and living conditions.
Area of Science:
- Gerontology
- Psychology
- Sociology
Background:
- Subjective well-being (SWB) often declines in old age.
- Elders' psychosocial resources significantly influence this decline.
- Understanding individual differences in aging is crucial for targeted interventions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify person-centred, multidimensional psychosocial functioning profiles in the elderly.
- To examine the relationship between these psychosocial profiles and various SWB configurations.
- To explore how living conditions relate to these aging trajectories.
Main Methods:
- Cross-sectional study of a community-based sample of Spanish elders (institutionalized and non-institutionalized).
- Cluster analysis to derive distinct psychosocial functioning profiles.
- Analysis of the association between identified profiles and SWB measures.
Main Results:
- Three psychosocial profiles identified: highly successful (healthy, confident, active), moderately successful (average functioning, anticipating decline), and highly impaired (ill, stressed, high risk).
- Significant differences in SWB (happiness, positive affect, life satisfaction) were observed across profiles.
- Home-dwelling elders reported higher happiness, while institutionalized elders had fewer unhappy individuals.
Conclusions:
- A person-centred approach reveals diverse aging experiences.
- Psychosocial functioning is a key determinant of SWB in older adults.
- Findings can inform interventions to enhance happiness and well-being in later life.
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