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Cyclooxygenase (COX) Inhibitors and the Newborn Kidney

Francine G Smith1, Andrew W Wade, Megan L Lewis

  • 1Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Alberta, T2N 4N1, Canada. fsmith@ucalgary.ca.

Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland)
|November 28, 2013
PubMed

Insights

Cyclo-oxygenase inhibitors (COXI) can impact fetal kidney development and function, potentially causing acute kidney injury in newborns. Further research is needed to clarify the roles of COX-1 and COX-2 in these processes.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Developmental Biology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Cyclo-oxygenase inhibitors (COXI) are commonly used medications.
  • Their effects on the developing kidney are not fully understood.
  • Kidney development is a complex process crucial for lifelong health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current understanding of COXI's role in kidney development.
  • To evaluate the impact of COXI on nephronogenesis and renal function.
  • To assess clinical implications for pregnant women and newborns.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on COXI and kidney development.
  • Analysis of data on COXI administration during pregnancy and postpartum.
  • Evaluation of effects on renal perfusion and ultrafiltration.

Main Results:

  • COXI can negatively affect kidney development, including nephronogenesis.
  • Administration of COXI can decrease renal perfusion and ultrafiltration.
  • Potential for acute kidney injury in newborns exposed to COXI.
  • Evidence suggests a predominant role for COX-2 in fetal kidney development.

Conclusions:

  • COXI use during pregnancy or after birth can adversely impact kidney development and function.
  • Further investigation is required to elucidate the specific roles of COX-1 and COX-2.
  • Clinical caution is advised when using COXI in pregnant women and neonates.

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