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Smartphone and tablet self management apps for asthma.

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Area of Science:

  • Digital health interventions
  • Respiratory medicine
  • Evidence-based practice

Background:

  • Asthma is a prevalent global condition, necessitating effective self-management strategies.
  • Current clinical guidelines recommend self-management programs, but their implementation and patient uptake remain suboptimal.
  • Mobile technologies offer a promising platform for accessible, customizable, and cost-effective asthma self-management interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effectiveness, cost-effectiveness, and feasibility of using smartphone and tablet applications for asthma self-management.
  • To synthesize evidence from randomized controlled trials comparing app-based interventions with traditional methods.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic search of multiple electronic databases for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published from 2000 onwards.
  • Inclusion of parallel RCTs comparing app-delivered asthma self-management interventions with traditional methods.
  • Primary outcomes included symptom scores, healthcare visit frequency, and health-related quality of life.

Main Results:

  • Two RCTs involving 408 participants were included; no meta-analysis was performed due to heterogeneity.
  • One study found no significant difference in symptom scores or quality of life, while the other reported improved quality of life and lung function.
  • Conflicting results were observed regarding emergency department visits and hospital admissions; adherence and complications showed no statistical differences between groups.

Conclusions:

  • The current evidence base is insufficient to recommend smartphone and tablet apps for asthma self-management programs.
  • Future research should focus on isolating app efficacy, understanding component contributions in complex interventions, and considering theoretical constructs and long-term adherence.