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Heart failure in patients with normal coronary anatomy: diagnostic algorithm and disease pattern of various

Ralf Wassmuth1

  • 1Cardiology and Nephrology Department, HELIOS Klinikum Berlin and Charite University, Medicine Berlin-Buch, Schwanebecker Chaussee 50, 13125 Berlin, Germany.

Cardiovascular Diagnosis and Therapy
|November 28, 2013
PubMed

Insights

Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging helps diagnose non-ischemic heart disease in acute heart failure patients when coronary artery disease is unlikely. This review outlines a CMR protocol to guide diagnosis and optimize treatment.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Acute heart failure (AHF) can stem from non-ischemic heart disease (NIHD) in some patients.
  • Coronary artery disease (CAD) may be excluded in a subset of AHF cases.
  • Accurate diagnosis of NIHD is crucial for effective AHF management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a diagnostic algorithm utilizing cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) for patients with AHF and suspected NIHD.
  • To review the utility of CMR in identifying underlying pathologies in NIHD.
  • To discuss diagnostic markers and challenges associated with CMR in NIHD.

Main Methods:

  • The review synthesizes current literature on CMR protocols for NIHD.
  • It details specific CMR sequences and imaging markers relevant to various NIHD etiologies.
  • Diagnostic criteria and potential pitfalls of CMR in this context are examined.

Main Results:

  • CMR offers valuable insights into myocardial tissue characteristics, aiding in the differentiation of NIHD.
  • Specific CMR findings can identify causes like myocarditis, cardiomyopathies, and infiltrative diseases.
  • A structured CMR approach can enhance diagnostic accuracy and guide therapeutic decisions.

Conclusions:

  • Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging is a powerful tool for diagnosing non-ischemic heart disease in acute heart failure.
  • Implementing a dedicated CMR protocol can elucidate cardiac pathology, optimize patient management, and improve outcomes.
  • Further research and standardization of CMR protocols are encouraged for NIHD assessment.

Keywords:
Coronary artery disease (CAD)cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR)diagnostic algorithmimaging

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