African experiences of humanitarian cardiovascular medicine: a Kenyan perspective

Area of Science:

• Public Health
• Cardiology
• Global Health

Background:

• Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and other non-communicable diseases are increasing in Kenya.
• Access to cardiovascular services is limited, primarily concentrated in major cities like Nairobi and Mombasa.
• A significant disparity exists in healthcare service delivery between urban and rural centers.

Purpose of the Study:

• To describe three distinct models of humanitarian outreach programs addressing cardiovascular disease in Kenya.
• To highlight the strategies employed by these programs to extend cardiovascular care to underserved populations.
• To present data and insights from these initiatives aimed at improving CVD management.

Main Methods:

• Model 1: A school-based outreach program focused on rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease (RF/RHD) prevention, diagnosis, education, and treatment for students.
• Model 2: A hospital-based cardiovascular outreach program in Kericho, a region identified as a CVD 'hot spot'.
• Model 3: A fixed clinic-based cardiovascular outreach program in Kisumu, offering services to the local population.

Main Results:

• The described programs provide prevention, early detection, prophylaxis, treatment facilitation, follow-up, and disease management.
• Training in basic cardiology skills and increased local awareness of CVD among clinicians are key components.
• Data indicates Kericho County is a 'hot spot' for RF/RHD, underscoring the need for targeted interventions.

Conclusions:

• Humanitarian outreach programs are crucial for bridging the gap in cardiovascular service delivery in Kenya.
• Despite challenges, these sustainable initiatives show promise for improving cardiovascular health in underserved areas.
• Continued efforts in prevention, early detection, and capacity building are essential for managing the rising burden of CVD.