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Related Concept Videos

Viral Meningitis01:18

Viral Meningitis

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Viral meningitis is the most common form of meningitis and is often referred to as aseptic meningitis to indicate the absence of bacterial involvement. It is generally milder than bacterial meningitis, with symptoms including fever, headache, stiff neck, drowsiness, nausea, photophobia, and vomiting. Rarely, more severe manifestations or death may occur. Common causative agents include enteroviruses, particularly coxsackie A and B viruses and echoviruses, all members of the Enterovirus genus...
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Bacterial Meningitis II: Pathophysiology01:26

Bacterial Meningitis II: Pathophysiology

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Bacterial meningitis typically begins when pathogens such as Neisseria meningitidis and Streptococcus pneumoniae colonize the nasopharynx and invade the bloodstream. This process is facilitated by bacterial virulence factors, such as polysaccharide capsules, which resist phagocytosis and complement-mediated killing. Less commonly, bacteria reach the central nervous system via contiguous spread from infections like otitis media or sinusitis, through congenital or acquired dural defects, or...
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Fungal Phylum Microsporidia01:28

Fungal Phylum Microsporidia

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Microsporidia are a group of obligate intracellular fungi that were initially classified as protists but were later reclassified based on phylogenetic, molecular, and structural evidence linking them to the Chytridiomycota. These unicellular, non-motile organisms are highly specialized parasites that infect a wide range of animal hosts, including humans. They have evolved extensive genomic and metabolic reductions, making them highly dependent on their hosts for survival.Morphology and Genomic...
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Bacterial Meningitis I: Introduction01:22

Bacterial Meningitis I: Introduction

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Bacterial meningitis is a severe, life-threatening inflammation of the meninges, particularly the pia mater and arachnoid mater, affecting the subarachnoid space, ventricles, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). If untreated, it can lead to significant neurological complications or death.Causative AgentsCommon pathogens vary with age and immune status. In adults, major organisms include Streptococcus pneumoniae, Neisseria meningitidis, and Haemophilus influenzae. Streptococcus agalactiae (group B...
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Spirochetes, unique bacteria in the phylum Spirochaetes, are gram-negative, motile, tightly coiled, slender, and flexible. They inhabit aquatic sediments and animals, with some causing diseases like syphilis. Spirochetes are classified into eight genera based on habitat, pathogenicity, phylogeny, and characteristics.Their distinctive motility arises from endoflagella, located within the cell’s periplasm. These endoflagella anchor at the cell poles and extend along the cell length, encased...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 5, 2026

Author Spotlight: Advancing Research on Candida albicans Biofilm-Associated Prosthetic Joint Infections
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Candida parapsilosis vertebral osteomyelitis.

G E De la Meilleure1, M M Marchau

  • 1Department of Neurology, A.Z. St-Jan, Brugge, Belgium.

European Journal of Neurology
|November 29, 2013
PubMed
Summary

This case study details a rare Candida parapsilosis infection of the spine and an aortic graft. Despite conservative treatment, the patient succumbed to pneumonia 28 months later.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Mycology
  • Spinal Surgery

Background:

  • Spinal infections are uncommon, with Candida parapsilosis lumbar spondylodiscitis being exceedingly rare.
  • Involvement of prosthetic aortic grafts by Candida species presents unique diagnostic and therapeutic challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report a rare case of Candida parapsilosis lumbar spondylodiscitis with aortic graft infection.
  • To review the limited literature on spinal candidiasis and discuss treatment approaches.

Main Methods:

  • Case report of a patient presenting with lumbar radicular pain syndrome.
  • Infection confirmed by fungal culture (Candida parapsilosis).
  • Conservative management including antifungal therapy (amphotericin B, itraconazole) and supportive care.

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Main Results:

  • Culture-verified Candida parapsilosis infection involving the lumbar spine and an aortic prosthetic graft.
  • Literature review identified only 33 cases of spinal candidiasis, with Candida parapsilosis reported in three instances.
  • Patient's poor general condition necessitated conservative treatment.

Conclusions:

  • Candida parapsilosis spinal infections, especially with prosthetic graft involvement, are critical and infrequently described.
  • Conservative management may be considered in debilitated patients, but outcomes remain challenging.
  • Further research is needed to establish optimal treatment strategies for spinal candidiasis.