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Streptococcus salivarius meningitis: a case report and literature review

J Berrouschot1, M Sterker, D Schneider

  • 1Department of Neurology, University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig Germany.

European Journal of Neurology
|November 29, 2013
PubMed

Insights

A rare case of Streptococcus salivarius meningitis following spinal anesthesia highlights the importance of mask use during procedures. Prompt antibiotic treatment led to full recovery, suggesting preventative measures are crucial for avoiding iatrogenic infections.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Medical Microbiology

Background:

  • Meningitis is a serious infection affecting the membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord.
  • Streptococcus salivarius, a common oral bacterium, is an uncommon cause of meningitis, particularly post-procedural.
  • Iatrogenic meningitis following spinal anesthesia, though rare, poses significant clinical challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report a case of Streptococcus salivarius meningitis after spinal anesthesia.
  • To review the literature on Streptococcus salivarius meningitis, focusing on iatrogenic cases.
  • To emphasize the importance of preventative measures during spinal procedures.

Main Methods:

  • Case report of a 61-year-old patient who developed meningitis post-spinal anesthesia.
  • Analysis of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) for cell count, protein, lactate, and microbial culture.
  • Literature review of Streptococcus salivarius meningitis cases over 40 years.

Main Results:

  • The patient presented with classic meningitis symptoms 12 hours after spinal anesthesia.
  • CSF analysis revealed elevated cells, protein, and lactate, with Streptococcus salivarius identified.
  • The patient recovered fully within 7 days after broad-spectrum antibiotic treatment.

Conclusions:

  • Streptococcus salivarius meningitis can occur iatrogenically following spinal anesthesia.
  • The oral cavity of medical personnel is a likely source of infection, underscoring the need for mask usage.
  • Adherence to sterile techniques and appropriate personal protective equipment, such as masks, is critical to prevent such rare but serious complications.

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