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Epidemiological trends of tetanus from East Delhi, India: a hospital-based study

Manish Narang1, Aman Khurana1, Sunil Gomber1

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, University College of Medical Sciences & Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital, University of Delhi, Delhi, India.

Journal of Infection and Public Health
|November 29, 2013
PubMed

Insights

The combined intrathecal and intramuscular anti-tetanus immunoglobulin (ATG) route significantly improved survival rates in children with tetanus compared to intramuscular ATG alone. Seizures and tremors indicate a poor prognosis in tetanus patients.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Neurology

Background:

  • Tetanus remains a significant global health concern, particularly in pediatric populations.
  • Understanding prognostic indicators and optimizing treatment are crucial for improving outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the demographic profile, prognostic factors, and mortality associated with tetanus in children.
  • To compare treatment outcomes of intramuscular anti-tetanus immunoglobulin (ATG) versus combined intrathecal and intramuscular ATG.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective study of 100 children under 12 years diagnosed with tetanus from 2003-2007.
  • Evaluation of case records for neonatal (n=30) and post-neonatal (n=70) tetanus.
  • Comparison of outcomes based on treatment route: intramuscular ATG vs. dual-route ATG.

Main Results:

  • Predominant clinical manifestations included feeding difficulties, trismus, spasms, rigidity, and opisthotonus.
  • The dual-route (intrathecal and intramuscular) ATG administration showed a significantly higher survival rate than the intramuscular-only route.
  • Seizures and tremors were identified as poor prognostic indicators.

Conclusions:

  • Combined intrathecal and intramuscular ATG administration is associated with improved survival in pediatric tetanus.
  • Early identification of prognostic factors like seizures and tremors is vital for clinical management.
Abstract

Keywords:
EliminationImmunoglobulinTetanus

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