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Endoscopic Studies I: Bronchoscopy and Thoracoscopy

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Endoscopy is a non-surgical medical technique used to examine a person's internal organs and vessels. This lesson will focus on two types of endoscopic studies: bronchoscopy and thoracoscopy.
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Description
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 5, 2026

Low-Cost Single-Port LoCoSP Device for a Transcervical Approach in Minimally Invasive Transhiatal Esophagectomy

Low-Cost Single-Port LoCoSP Device for a Transcervical Approach in Minimally Invasive Transhiatal Esophagectomy

Published on: September 11, 2021

Thoracoscopic esophagectomy using prone positioning.

Hirokazu Noshiro¹, Shuusuke Miyake

¹Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Saga, Japan.

Annals of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery : Official Journal of the Association of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgeons of Asia

|November 29, 2013

Summary

Minimally invasive esophagectomy (MIE) in the prone position offers a less invasive approach for thoracic esophageal cancer. This review summarizes current literature on its benefits and drawbacks compared to traditional methods.

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Last Updated: May 5, 2026

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Area of Science:

Surgical Oncology
Thoracic Surgery
Gastrointestinal Oncology

Background:

Conventional thoracotomic esophagectomy for invasive thoracic esophageal carcinoma is highly invasive.
This extensive procedure leads to significant morbidity and mortality despite survival improvements.
Minimally invasive esophagectomy (MIE) aims to reduce surgical invasiveness.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the current literature on thoracoscopic esophagectomy in the prone position.
To evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of this minimally invasive technique.
To address lessons learned and controversies surrounding prone MIE.

Main Methods:

Literature review of series and comparative studies.
Focus on minimally invasive esophagectomy performed in the prone position.
Synthesis of existing data on outcomes and complications.

Main Results:

Thoracoscopic esophagectomy in the prone position is a developing minimally invasive approach.
Evidence regarding its specific benefits and drawbacks is still emerging.
Further research is needed to fully understand its place in esophageal cancer treatment.

Conclusions:

Prone minimally invasive esophagectomy represents a novel approach to reducing surgical trauma.
Understanding its comparative effectiveness and safety profile is crucial.
This technique warrants continued investigation for optimizing esophageal cancer treatment.