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Related Concept Videos

X-ray Crystallography02:18

X-ray Crystallography

The size of the unit cell and the arrangement of atoms in a crystal may be determined from measurements of the diffraction of X-rays by the crystal, termed X-ray crystallography.
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To explain the observed behavior of transition metal complexes (such as colors), a model involving electrostatic interactions between the electrons from the ligands and the electrons in the unhybridized d orbitals of the central metal atom has been developed. This electrostatic model is crystal field theory (CFT). It helps to understand, interpret, and predict the colors, magnetic behavior, and some structures of coordination compounds of transition metals.
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Crystal Growth: Principles of Crystallization01:25

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Related Experiment Video

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Formulation of Diblock Polymeric Nanoparticles through Nanoprecipitation Technique
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DNA-mediated nanoparticle crystallization into Wulff polyhedra.

Evelyn Auyeung1, Ting I N G Li1, Andrew J Senesi2

  • 11] Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA [2] International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA.

Nature
|November 29, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

DNA-guided nanoparticle crystallization, using very slow cooling, yields predictable Wulff equilibrium crystal structures. This method mimics atomic crystallization, overcoming challenges in controlling nanoparticle crystal habit and symmetry.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology
  • Biophysics

Background:

  • Predicting molecular crystallization is complex due to molecular interactions and solvent effects.
  • Nanoparticle crystallization often relies on uncontrolled drying and sedimentation techniques.
  • DNA-mediated assembly offers a potential route for controlled nanoparticle crystallization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate DNA-guided nanoparticle crystallization for predictable crystal formation.
  • To determine if DNA-directed assembly can achieve equilibrium crystal structures.
  • To establish a method for controlling nanoparticle crystal habit and symmetry.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing complementary DNA-modified nanoparticles.
  • Implementing a very slow cooling process (several days) through the system's melting temperature.
  • Analyzing nanoparticle assemblies using theoretical predictions and molecular dynamics simulations.

Main Results:

  • Achieved specific and uniform crystal habit in nanoparticle assemblies.
  • Observed Wulff equilibrium crystal structures, aligning with theoretical predictions.
  • Demonstrated that DNA hybridization can direct nanoparticle assembly mimicking atomic crystallization.

Conclusions:

  • Very slow cooling of DNA-modified nanoparticles leads to thermodynamically stable crystals.
  • DNA-guided assembly provides a controllable pathway for nanoparticle crystallization.
  • This approach offers a route to engineer desired crystal structures in nanomaterials.