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P-N junction

P-N junction

A p-n junction is formed when p-type and n-type semiconductor materials are joined together. At the interface of the p-n junction, holes from the p-side and electrons from the n-side begin to diffuse into the opposite sides due to the concentration gradient. This diffusion of carriers leads to a region around the junction where there are no free charge carriers, known as the depletion region. The charge density within the depletion region for the n-side and p-side can be described by the...

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Updated: May 5, 2026

Morphology Control for Fully Printable Organic–Inorganic Bulk-heterojunction Solar Cells Based on a Ti-alkoxide and Semiconducting Polymer

Morphology Control for Fully Printable Organic–Inorganic Bulk-heterojunction Solar Cells Based on a Ti-alkoxide and Semiconducting Polymer

Published on: January 10, 2017

Solution-processed small-molecule solar cells: breaking the 10% power conversion efficiency.

Yongsheng Liu¹, Chun-Chao Chen, Ziruo Hong

¹1] Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA [2] California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA [3].

Scientific Reports

|November 29, 2013

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

High-performance organic solar cells were developed using a novel small molecule donor (SMPV1). This achieved a 10.1% power conversion efficiency in a tandem solar cell, showcasing potential for solution-processed organic photovoltaics.

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Area of Science:

Materials Science
Organic Electronics
Photovoltaics

Background:

Organic solar cells (OSCs) offer a promising alternative to conventional silicon-based photovoltaics due to their potential for low-cost, large-area fabrication.
Developing high-performance donor materials is crucial for advancing OSC technology.

Purpose of the Study:

To design and synthesize a novel two-dimensional conjugated small molecule, SMPV1, for high-performance solution-processed organic solar cells.
To investigate the photovoltaic properties of SMPV1 as a donor in single-junction and tandem solar cell configurations.

Main Methods:

Synthesis of the two-dimensional conjugated small molecule SMPV1.
Fabrication of single-junction and homo-tandem organic solar cells using solution processing.
Photovoltaic performance characterization under standard AM 1.5 G irradiation.

Main Results:

Single-junction organic solar cells based on SMPV1 achieved a certified power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 8.02%.
A homo-tandem solar cell utilizing SMPV1 and a novel bilayer conjugated polyelectrolyte interlayer demonstrated an unprecedented PCE of 10.1%.

Conclusions:

Solution-processed small molecular materials, exemplified by SMPV1, are highly promising for efficient organic solar cell applications.
The development of novel interlayers is key to unlocking the full potential of tandem organic solar cells.