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Related Concept Videos

Corrosion of Reinforcement01:27

Corrosion of Reinforcement

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The corrosion of steel reinforcement within concrete is a process influenced by the material's inherent properties and external factors. The high pH level of around 13, provided by calcium hydroxide present in concrete, initially protects the steel reinforcement by promoting the formation of a passive iron oxide layer on its surface.
However, over time and under certain conditions like carbonation, chloride ingress, and cracking this protective state can be compromised. Steel has areas with...
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Plasticizers01:31

Plasticizers

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Water-reducers, or plasticizers, are chemical admixtures used in concrete to improve strength and workability. These additives reduce the water-cement ratio without compromising workability, lower the cement content while maintaining the same workability, or increase workability to assist concrete placement in inaccessible areas.
Plasticizers function by using surface-active agents to create repulsive electrostatic forces between cement particles. This dispersion enhances the concrete's...
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Testing Water Quality01:14

Testing Water Quality

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When the quality of water for concrete preparation is uncertain, its impact on the setting time of cement and compressive strength of mortar is assessed by comparison with de-ionized or distilled water benchmarks. American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) C1602 requires the setting times to be within 90 minutes of the control, British Standard (BS) 3146:1980 allows a 30-minute variance in the initial setting, while British Standards European Norm (BS EN) 1008 specifies initial setting...
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Waterproofing and Anti-Bacterial Admixtures in Concrete01:22

Waterproofing and Anti-Bacterial Admixtures in Concrete

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Concrete's susceptibility to water absorption is due to the capillary action within the pores of its hydrated cement paste. This action draws water in, creating the need for waterproofing admixtures to prevent such penetration. The efficacy of these admixtures is contingent upon the water pressure, with variations arising from different conditions such as rain, capillary rise, or hydrostatic pressure in structures intended to hold water.
Waterproofing admixtures render concrete hydrophobic,...
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Alkali Aggregate Reaction in Concrete01:26

Alkali Aggregate Reaction in Concrete

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The alkali-aggregate reaction in concrete involves natural siliceous minerals in aggregates reacting with alkaline hydroxides derived from cement alkalis. This reaction forms an alkali-silica gel that absorbs water, swells, and increases in volume, which is confined by the surrounding cement paste, creating internal pressures that crack and disrupt the concrete. The extent of expansion and damage can be partly attributed to the alkali-silica reaction's osmotic hydraulic pressure and the...
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Effect of Sea Water on Concrete01:22

Effect of Sea Water on Concrete

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Concrete exposed to seawater can undergo degradation like the dissolution of ettringite and gypsum, increasing the material's porosity and decreasing its strength. In contrast, the crystallization of salts within the concrete's pores can cause expansion, particularly above the waterline where evaporation occurs. Nonetheless, this expansion only happens when seawater, enabled by the concrete's permeability, manages to infiltrate the structure.
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Dynamic Electrochemical Measurement of Chloride Ions
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Controlling chloride ions diffusion in concrete.

Lunwu Zeng1, Runxia Song

  • 1Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Intelligent Agricultural Equipment, College of Engineering, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210031, China.

Scientific Reports
|November 29, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Multilayer concrete cloaks effectively shield steel reinforcement from damaging chloride ions, crucial for protecting marine concrete structures. This innovative approach prevents corrosion, enhancing structural integrity and longevity.

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Experimental Protocol to Determine the Chloride Threshold Value for Corrosion in Samples Taken from Reinforced Concrete Structures
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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Civil Engineering
  • Corrosion Science

Background:

  • Steel corrosion in concrete, driven by chloride ions, severely compromises reinforced concrete structures, particularly in marine environments.
  • Protecting concrete from chloride ion ingress is critical for structural durability and safety.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the efficacy of a multilayer concrete structure as a diffusion cloak to prevent chloride ion penetration.
  • To develop and test an innovative material solution for enhanced concrete protection.

Main Methods:

  • Formulation of five distinct concrete mixtures (A, B, C, D, E) with varying proportions of cement, sand, and glue.
  • Fabrication of a six-layer (ABACAD) cylindrical diffusion cloak using these concrete types, with concrete E serving as the background medium.
  • Utilizing simulation and experimental methods to analyze chloride ion diffusion patterns.

Main Results:

  • Simulation results confirmed the six-layer cloak's ability to protect concrete from chloride ion penetration.
  • Experimental results demonstrated parallel and equal concentration gradients and iso-concentration lines outside the cloak.
  • Observed significantly lower concentration gradients within the inner circle compared to the exterior, validating the cloaking effect.

Conclusions:

  • The developed multilayer concrete diffusion cloak effectively shields underlying concrete from chloride ion ingress.
  • This technology offers a promising solution for extending the service life of reinforced concrete structures in corrosive environments.
  • The findings highlight the potential of engineered material structures for advanced corrosion protection in civil infrastructure.