Valence state, hybridization and electronic band structure in the charge ordered AlV2O4

The valence state, hybridization and electronic band structure of charge ordered AlV2O4 are investigated by measuring the electron energy loss spectra (EELS) and performing band structure calculations using the WIEN2k code. White line ratio and O K edges of V2O5, VO2, V2O3 and AlV2O4, obtained using electron energy loss spectroscopy, are analysed specifically to probe systematically the VO6 octahedra in all of them. The systematic decrease of the L2 intensity and the O K edge intensity from V(5+) in V2O5 to AlV2O4 indicates a progressive increase in the occupancy of the hybridized states, which is corroborated by the absence of a transition from O 1s to hybridized 2t(2g). Band structure calculations on the parent charge frustrated cubic phase and the charge ordered rhombohedral phase clearly document a band gap in the charge ordered state. From the structural information obtained after convergence and the spectroscopic information from EELS, it appears that partial orbital occupancy may lead to a deviation from an integral valence state on all the vanadium in this exotic charge ordered spinel system.