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Related Concept Videos

Hiatal Hernia01:25

Hiatal Hernia

144
A hiatal hernia is the abnormal protrusion of the stomach or other abdominal organs through the esophageal hiatus of the diaphragm into the thoracic cavity.Normally, the gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) lies below the diaphragm and is supported by the phrenoesophageal membrane, the diaphragmatic crura, and connective tissues. Weakening of these structures—due to aging, congenital defects like a short esophagus, or increased intra-abdominal pressure from coughing, obesity, pregnancy, or...
144
Appendicitis01:19

Appendicitis

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Appendicitis is an acute inflammatory condition of the vermiform appendix, most commonly caused by obstruction of its lumen. The appendix is a narrow, blind-ended pouch that extends from the cecum, making it particularly prone to obstruction. Causes include fecaliths, lymphoid hyperplasia (often after viral infections), parasites, tumors, or foreign bodies. This obstruction initiates a cascade of pathological changes.Luminal Obstruction and Early InflammationAfter obstruction, normal mucosal...
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Herniated Intervertebral Disc l: Introduction01:29

Herniated Intervertebral Disc l: Introduction

44
Intervertebral disc herniation refers to the displacement of the nucleus pulposus (the gel-like inner core of the disc) through a tear or weakened area in the annulus fibrosus (the outer fibrous ring). The displaced disc material extends beyond the normal boundaries of the disc space and may compress or irritate nearby spinal nerve roots or, less commonly, the spinal cord.Etiology and Risk FactorsHerniation commonly results from degeneration, in which aging reduces disc hydration and...
44
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease01:25

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease

69
Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is the backward flow of stomach contents (acid, pepsin, or bile) into the esophagus, causing mucosal inflammation known as esophagitis. It results from failure of antireflux mechanisms, mainly the lower esophageal sphincter (LES), influenced by mechanical and physiological factors.Etiology and Risk FactorsGERD develops when LES function is weakened or when intra-abdominal pressure increases. Risk factors include aging, obesity, and sliding hiatal hernia,...
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Esophageal Strictures-I: Introduction01:30

Esophageal Strictures-I: Introduction

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Esophageal strictures involve abnormal narrowing or tightening of the esophagus. They vary in length and severity, ranging from mild constriction to complete obstruction, and are classified as benign (noncancerous) or malignant (cancerous).
Etiology
The primary cause of esophageal strictures is long-standing gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), accounting for about 70 to 80% of adult cases. Chronic acid reflux can lead to injury and scarring of the esophageal lining, culminating in...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 5, 2026

Laparoscopic Repair of Para-Esophageal Hernia Using Absorbable Biosynthetic Mesh
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Lung hernia - a review.

Dov Weissberg1

  • 1Department of Thoracic Surgery, University of Tel Aviv Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv and Department of Thoracic Surgery, E. Wolfson Medical Center, Holon, Israel.

Advances in Clinical and Experimental Medicine : Official Organ Wroclaw Medical University
|November 29, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Lung hernia, a protrusion of lung tissue, often results from trauma or surgery, but can be congenital. Diagnosis requires imaging, and surgical repair is necessary for incarcerated hernias, using autologous or synthetic materials.

Area of Science:

  • Pulmonology
  • Thoracic Surgery
  • Medical Diagnostics

Background:

  • Lung hernia is an uncommon condition involving lung tissue protrusion through surrounding structures.
  • Etiologies include trauma, thoracic surgery, and congenital factors (e.g., supraclavicular hernias).

Discussion:

  • Clinical diagnosis is primary, necessitating confirmation via roentgenography or computed tomography.
  • Surgical intervention is mandatory for incarcerated lung hernias to release or resect compromised tissue.
  • Repair of the hernia defect favors autologous tissues, with synthetic materials as a viable alternative.

Key Insights:

  • Prompt surgical management is crucial for incarcerated lung hernias.
  • Autologous tissue reconstruction is preferred for hernia defect closure.

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  • Asymptomatic cases may not require intervention.

    • Outlook:

    • Further research into minimally invasive repair techniques could improve outcomes.
    • Long-term follow-up studies are needed to assess recurrence rates and functional recovery.
    • Understanding the genetic basis of congenital lung hernias may inform preventative strategies.