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Effective connectivity within human primary visual cortex predicts interindividual diversity in illusory perception.

Chen Song1, D Samuel Schwarzkopf, Antoine Lutti

  • 1Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, London WC1N 3AR, United Kingdom, Wellcome Trust Centre for Neuroimaging, University College London, London WC1N 3BG, United Kingdom, and College of Mechatronic Engineering and Automation, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410073, China.

The Journal of Neuroscience : the Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Individual differences in how we perceive visual orientation are linked to brain connectivity. Our study reveals that the strength of the tilt illusion in healthy adults correlates with neural pathway strength in the primary visual cortex.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Visual Perception
  • Cognitive Psychology

Background:

  • Visual perception is significantly influenced by spatial context, as demonstrated by phenomena like the tilt illusion.
  • The tilt illusion occurs when the perceived orientation of a central visual stimulus is altered by surrounding tilted contexts.
  • Previous research suggests variability in visual perception, but its neural basis, particularly concerning contextual modulation, remains incompletely understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the interindividual variability in contextual modulation of orientation perception, specifically the tilt illusion.
  • To explore the relationship between individual differences in the tilt illusion and effective connectivity within the human primary visual cortex.
  • To determine if orientation-dependent intra-areal connections in the primary visual cortex underlie individual differences in contextual visual processing.

Main Methods:

  • Assessed the magnitude of the tilt illusion across healthy adult participants.
  • Measured effective connectivity within the primary visual cortex using neuroimaging techniques.
  • Correlated individual differences in tilt illusion magnitude with measures of effective connectivity under different contextual stimulation conditions (tilted vs. iso-oriented).

Main Results:

  • The magnitude of the tilt illusion exhibited stable, trait-like interindividual differences.
  • Effective connectivity within the primary visual cortex, particularly between peripheral and foveal representations, was modulated by spatial context.
  • A significant correlation was found between the magnitude of the tilt illusion and effective connectivity from peripheral to foveal representations, specifically under tilted contextual stimulation.

Conclusions:

  • Interindividual differences in the tilt illusion are linked to variations in effective connectivity within the primary visual cortex.
  • Orientation-dependent intra-areal connections in the primary visual cortex play a crucial role in mediating the contextual influence on orientation perception.
  • These findings provide neurophysiological evidence supporting theoretical models of contextual modulation in early visual processing.