Synthesis of 1,4-bis(phenylethynyl)benzenes and their application as blue phase liquid crystal composition

A number of 1,4-bis(phenylethynyl)benzene derivatives (BPEBs) and their analogues with different numbers of side-substitute fluorine atoms on benzene rings, and alkyl chains, ethoxyl groups, fluorine atoms and trifluoromethyl groups as the end groups have been synthesized. The effects of the different substituents on their properties such as thermal behavior of melting point and clearing point, the temperature of nematic phase, optical anisotropy and dielectric anisotropy have been well investigated, and it has been found that some BPEBs have a wide range of the nematic phase temperature with high optical anisotropy (Δn) and acceptable dielectric anisotropy (Δε), which have been applied as the crucial compositions to constitute a liquid crystal mixture having the properties of Δε=29.0 and Δn=0.283 at 25 °C. With the addition of the chiral dopant to the obtained liquid crystal mixture, blue phase liquid crystal with a blue phase temperature range of 8 °C has been achieved.