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A Novel Bioreactor for High Density Cultivation of Diverse Microbial Communities
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[Advanced nitrogen removal using innovative denitrification biofilter with sustained-release carbon source material].

Lei Tang1, Peng Li, Jian-e Zuo

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Huan Jing Ke Xue= Huanjing Kexue
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Summary

A novel denitrification biofilter using polycaprolactone (PCL) achieved 98.9% total nitrogen (TN) removal efficiency. This innovative approach effectively removes nitrogen from wastewater using microbial biofilms on PCL carriers.

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Engineering
  • Microbiology
  • Water Treatment

Background:

  • Biological nutrient removal is crucial for wastewater treatment.
  • Developing efficient and sustainable denitrification processes remains a challenge.
  • Polycaprolactone (PCL) offers potential as a biofilm carrier and carbon source.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and evaluate an innovative denitrification biofilter utilizing PCL.
  • To investigate the nitrogen removal performance of the PCL-based biofilter.
  • To characterize the biofilm and microbial community involved in denitrification.

Main Methods:

  • A denitrification biofilter was constructed using PCL as both carbon source and biofilm carrier.
  • The biofilter was fed with biologically treated effluent from a secondary clarifier.
  • Nitrogen removal efficiency, total organic carbon (TOC), suspended solids (SS), and microbial communities were analyzed.

Main Results:

  • A maximum total nitrogen (TN) removal efficiency of 98.9% was achieved.
  • Optimal conditions included influent TN concentration of 30.0 mg/L, denitrification load of 54.0 mg/(L·h), temperature of 20.1–22.0°C, and HRT of 0.5 h.
  • Significant biofilm formation was observed on PCL pellets, with Bacillus and Trichobacteria identified as dominant species.

Conclusions:

  • The PCL-based denitrification biofilter is highly effective for nitrogen removal from wastewater.
  • PCL serves as a suitable material for biofilm support and carbon supply in denitrification.
  • The microbial community, primarily Bacillus and Trichobacteria, plays a key role in the process.