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Functional dissociations in temporal preparation: evidence from dual-task performance.

Antonino Vallesi1, Sandra Arbula2, Paolo Bernardis3

  • 1Department of Neurosciences, SNPSRR, University of Padova, Italy; Neuroscience Area, SISSA, Trieste, Italy.

Cognition
|December 3, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Implicit temporal preparation involves foreperiod (FP) and sequential effects. This study found the FP effect relies on controlled cognitive processes, while sequential effects are more automatic, as shown by dual-task manipulations.

Keywords:
Dual-taskForeperiod effectSequential effectsTemporal preparationTime processing

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Human Behavior

Background:

  • Implicit temporal preparation optimizes responses to timed events.
  • Foreperiod (FP) and sequential effects are key phenomena in temporal preparation.
  • The underlying cognitive mechanisms of these effects are debated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the cognitive processes underlying foreperiod (FP) and sequential effects.
  • To determine if these effects rely on automatic or controlled cognitive mechanisms.
  • To explore the impact of dual-task demands on temporal preparation.

Main Methods:

  • A dual-task procedure was employed, incorporating a subtraction task during the foreperiod.
  • Two experiments manipulated dual-task demands by presenting tasks in blocks or interleaved with single-task conditions.
  • Behavioral responses to target stimuli were measured to assess FP and sequential effects.

Main Results:

  • Foreperiod (FP) effect magnitude was significantly reduced under dual-task conditions.
  • Sequential effects magnitude remained unaffected by dual-task manipulations.
  • This dissociation suggests different underlying mechanisms for FP and sequential effects.

Conclusions:

  • The foreperiod (FP) effect is mediated by controlled, resource-dependent cognitive processes.
  • Sequential effects appear to be driven by more automatic cognitive mechanisms.
  • Implicit temporal preparation is a multifaceted phenomenon involving distinct automatic and controlled processes.