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Mesocosm-Scale Constructed Wetland Design for Wastewater Treatment
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Performance characterisation of a constructed wetland.

Isri R Mangangka1, Prasanna Egodawatta, Nathaniel Parker

  • 1Science and Engineering Faculty, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia

Water Science and Technology : a Journal of the International Association on Water Pollution Research
|December 3, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Constructed wetland performance varies with rainfall. This study found consistent outflow pollutant concentrations, but treatment effectiveness for Total Suspended Solids and Total Nitrogen depended on rainfall event size and hydraulic retention time.

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Engineering
  • Water Resource Management
  • Ecological Engineering

Background:

  • Constructed wetland performance is known to be variable due to site-specific factors.
  • Understanding treatment variability is crucial for effective water quality management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize the treatment performance of a constructed wetland under varying runoff regimes.
  • To analyze the influence of rainfall depth and hydraulic retention time on pollutant removal.

Main Methods:

  • Field monitoring of a constructed wetland in Gold Coast, Australia.
  • Analysis of inlet and outlet water samples for Total Suspended Solids (TSS), Total Nitrogen (TN), and Total Phosphorus (TP).
  • Correlation of treatment performance with rainfall depth and hydraulic retention time.

Main Results:

  • Outflow pollutant concentrations remained consistent despite variations in inflow water quality.
  • Treatment performance for TSS and TN load reduction was influenced by hydraulic retention time, with better results for events below the design rainfall depth.
  • Treatment efficiency varied during rainfall events: higher at the start for small events, and improving over time for large events.

Conclusions:

  • Constructed wetlands can achieve consistent outflow quality, but treatment efficiency is sensitive to rainfall characteristics.
  • Hydraulic retention time is a key factor influencing TSS and TN removal efficiency.
  • Event-specific performance dynamics necessitate tailored management strategies for constructed wetlands.